The soccer referee – a critical historic approach
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2008 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Journal of Physical Education (Maringá) |
Texto Completo: | https://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/3722 |
Resumo: | The aim of this study was to search in literature for the origin of the soccer referee, as an attempt to clear the function of this important soccer figure. Through bibliographic revision we concluded that the soccer referee emerged in the 19th century, more precisely in 1868 (CBD, 1978). The first soccer referees intervened in the game only with the complaint of one member of the team. Since the use of the whistle began only later, in 1878 (DUARTE, 1997), the referee had to shout in order to stop a game. In 1896 the rules gave referees the right to punish on their own judgment, making their own decisions (Antunes, sd). The referee assistants were established in 1891 (ANTUNES, [199?]). Books of soccer history, rule books, journals, scientific magazines and annals were used as theoretical references. The analysis of the texts lead us to conclude that the referee is the person who has special knowledge of the rules, his duty is to accomplish them and make them accomplished. As time goes by, it seems that some individuals believe that there are more important goals in a soccer game than the accomplishment of its rules. They are only a detail which could be ignored, if necessary, for the achievement of a victory. This seems to be an average attitude in socer world. |
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The soccer referee – a critical historic approachO ÁRBITRO DE FUTEBOL – UMA ABORDAGEM HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICAÁrbitroFutebolHistória da arbitragem4.09.00.00-2 Educação FísicaThe aim of this study was to search in literature for the origin of the soccer referee, as an attempt to clear the function of this important soccer figure. Through bibliographic revision we concluded that the soccer referee emerged in the 19th century, more precisely in 1868 (CBD, 1978). The first soccer referees intervened in the game only with the complaint of one member of the team. Since the use of the whistle began only later, in 1878 (DUARTE, 1997), the referee had to shout in order to stop a game. In 1896 the rules gave referees the right to punish on their own judgment, making their own decisions (Antunes, sd). The referee assistants were established in 1891 (ANTUNES, [199?]). Books of soccer history, rule books, journals, scientific magazines and annals were used as theoretical references. The analysis of the texts lead us to conclude that the referee is the person who has special knowledge of the rules, his duty is to accomplish them and make them accomplished. As time goes by, it seems that some individuals believe that there are more important goals in a soccer game than the accomplishment of its rules. They are only a detail which could be ignored, if necessary, for the achievement of a victory. This seems to be an average attitude in socer world.Este estudo teve como objetivo buscar na literatura a origem para esclarecer a função de figura tão importante para o futebol: o árbitro. Através de revisão bibliográfica, constatou-se que o árbitro de futebol surgiu no século XIX, mais precisamente em 1868 (CBD, 1978). Os primeiros árbitros de futebol intervinham na partida somente quando uma das equipes reclamava. Para parar o jogo este gritava, já que o apito só começou a ser utilizado a partir de 1878 (DUARTE, 1997). Em 1896, a regra dá ao árbitro o direito de punir por sua própria iniciativa, sendo que as suas decisões passaram a ser sem apelo (ANTUNES, 199?). Os árbitros assistentes foram criados em 1891 (ANTUNES, 199?). Como referencial teórico, utilizou-se livros de história do futebol, livros de regras, jornais, revistas científicas e anais. A análise dos textos permitiu concluir que o árbitro é uma pessoa que possui um conhecimento especial das regras, seu dever é cumpri-las e fazer com que sejam cumpridas. Com o passar do tempo, contudo, algumas pessoas acreditaram que existem objetivos mais relevantes em uma partida de futebol que o cumprimento das regras, que estas são apenas um detalhe, e, se for necessário ignorá-las para se obter uma vitória, isto parece ser uma atitude normal no mundo futebolístico.Department of Physical Education - State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá-PR, Brazil2008-06-04info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/3722Journal of Physical Education; Vol 13 No 1 (2002); 39-45Journal of Physical Education; Vol. 13 Núm. 1 (2002); 39-45Journal of Physical Education; v. 13 n. 1 (2002); 39-452448-2455reponame:Journal of Physical Education (Maringá)instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)instacron:UEMporhttps://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/3722/2561Silva, Alberto Inácio daRodriguez-Añez, Ciro RomelioFrómeta, Edgardo Romeroinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2023-01-10T15:37:20Zoai:periodicos.uem.br/ojs:article/3722Revistahttp://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/indexPUBhttps://old.scielo.br/oai/scielo-oai.php||revdef@uem.br2448-24552448-2455opendoar:2023-01-10T15:37:20Journal of Physical Education (Maringá) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
The soccer referee – a critical historic approach O ÁRBITRO DE FUTEBOL – UMA ABORDAGEM HISTÓRICO-CRÍTICA |
title |
The soccer referee – a critical historic approach |
spellingShingle |
The soccer referee – a critical historic approach Silva, Alberto Inácio da Árbitro Futebol História da arbitragem 4.09.00.00-2 Educação Física |
title_short |
The soccer referee – a critical historic approach |
title_full |
The soccer referee – a critical historic approach |
title_fullStr |
The soccer referee – a critical historic approach |
title_full_unstemmed |
The soccer referee – a critical historic approach |
title_sort |
The soccer referee – a critical historic approach |
author |
Silva, Alberto Inácio da |
author_facet |
Silva, Alberto Inácio da Rodriguez-Añez, Ciro Romelio Frómeta, Edgardo Romero |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Rodriguez-Añez, Ciro Romelio Frómeta, Edgardo Romero |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Alberto Inácio da Rodriguez-Añez, Ciro Romelio Frómeta, Edgardo Romero |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Árbitro Futebol História da arbitragem 4.09.00.00-2 Educação Física |
topic |
Árbitro Futebol História da arbitragem 4.09.00.00-2 Educação Física |
description |
The aim of this study was to search in literature for the origin of the soccer referee, as an attempt to clear the function of this important soccer figure. Through bibliographic revision we concluded that the soccer referee emerged in the 19th century, more precisely in 1868 (CBD, 1978). The first soccer referees intervened in the game only with the complaint of one member of the team. Since the use of the whistle began only later, in 1878 (DUARTE, 1997), the referee had to shout in order to stop a game. In 1896 the rules gave referees the right to punish on their own judgment, making their own decisions (Antunes, sd). The referee assistants were established in 1891 (ANTUNES, [199?]). Books of soccer history, rule books, journals, scientific magazines and annals were used as theoretical references. The analysis of the texts lead us to conclude that the referee is the person who has special knowledge of the rules, his duty is to accomplish them and make them accomplished. As time goes by, it seems that some individuals believe that there are more important goals in a soccer game than the accomplishment of its rules. They are only a detail which could be ignored, if necessary, for the achievement of a victory. This seems to be an average attitude in socer world. |
publishDate |
2008 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2008-06-04 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/3722 |
url |
https://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/3722 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.uem.br/ojs/index.php/RevEducFis/article/view/3722/2561 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Department of Physical Education - State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá-PR, Brazil |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Department of Physical Education - State University of Maringá (UEM), Maringá-PR, Brazil |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Journal of Physical Education; Vol 13 No 1 (2002); 39-45 Journal of Physical Education; Vol. 13 Núm. 1 (2002); 39-45 Journal of Physical Education; v. 13 n. 1 (2002); 39-45 2448-2455 reponame:Journal of Physical Education (Maringá) instname:Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) instacron:UEM |
instname_str |
Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) |
instacron_str |
UEM |
institution |
UEM |
reponame_str |
Journal of Physical Education (Maringá) |
collection |
Journal of Physical Education (Maringá) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Journal of Physical Education (Maringá) - Universidade Estadual de Maringá (UEM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||revdef@uem.br |
_version_ |
1754732541410017280 |