Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEPB |
Texto Completo: | http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/jspui/handle/tede/4194 |
Resumo: | The form of improper disposal of solid household waste is one of the challenges for global environmental security. Thus, it is considered that the composting system capable of transforming the putrescible organic fraction of household solid waste into organic compost could in a short time be a sustainable technological alternative, especially for regions with arid climate and desertification problems. However, it will be necessary to have robust selective collection programs, at the local, municipal, state, national and international levels, aiming to improve the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the household solid waste produced. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of the aerobic biological treatment applied to the putrescible organic fraction of the household solid waste generated in a vertical residential condominium. In order to carry out the selective collection process for household solid waste, several activities were carried out with the residents of the condominium, taking into account the guiding principles of Environmental Education, notably the more specific ones recommended for the study in question. After the organic portion of this waste was generated and collected, it was stored and transported to the external area of the GGEA Laboratory and then subjected to physical pretreatment and chemical characterization was carried out. The experimental system consisted of two types of composters, with different geometric characteristics, construction material and monitoring process, and three repetitions for each type of composter with a 30 kg capacity. The physical, chemical and sanitary parameters applied to the characterization of household solid waste "in natura", in the stage of aerobic biostabilization and biostabilization were: temperature; aeration; moisture content; total solids (TS); total volatile solids (TVS); TKN; total phosphorus; potassium; pH and helminth eggs, taking into account the analytical methods recommended by APHA (2012). In the case of solid household waste arising from collection with segregation at the source itself, a significant percentage of carbonaceous material that could be bio-stabilized aerobically in a short period of time was quantified, enabling the generation of organic compost within a good quality standard. In the aerobic bio-stabilization process, temperature values were reached in the thermophilic phase in the second to fourteenth day of monitoring, there was an increase in pH, TS and relative percentages of TKN, TP and K. Regarding the TVS, moisture content and TOC, there was a downward trend, starting from average values of 79.01%, 66.27% and 43.89%, respectively, for 53.23%, 30% and 29.58% of total solids at the end of the process. Regarding the amount of helminth eggs, they suffered a significant reduction, starting at 4.6 eggs/gST, with no helminth eggs found in the compound produced. Therefore, it can be seen that the average percentage of aerobic biotransformation of household solid organic waste into organic compost in the composting system of the present study was higher compared to that observed in other studies, given the presence of a significant percentage of carbonaceous material and strict monitoring process. In this sense, the present research contributed to the nutrient cycling process, enabling the transformation of a major environmental and public health problem, into a sustainable solution in the environmental, economic and social fields. |
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Leite, Valderi Duarte10879390469Silva, Mônica Maria Pereira da39597997487Souza, Roberth Fagundes de07986348631Cavalcante, Lívia Poliana Santana0675361940261057620386Freitas, António Fraga2022-03-10T13:07:53Z2020-11-06FREITAS, António Fraga. Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical. 2020. 96f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental - PPGCTA) - Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, 2022.http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/jspui/handle/tede/4194The form of improper disposal of solid household waste is one of the challenges for global environmental security. Thus, it is considered that the composting system capable of transforming the putrescible organic fraction of household solid waste into organic compost could in a short time be a sustainable technological alternative, especially for regions with arid climate and desertification problems. However, it will be necessary to have robust selective collection programs, at the local, municipal, state, national and international levels, aiming to improve the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the household solid waste produced. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of the aerobic biological treatment applied to the putrescible organic fraction of the household solid waste generated in a vertical residential condominium. In order to carry out the selective collection process for household solid waste, several activities were carried out with the residents of the condominium, taking into account the guiding principles of Environmental Education, notably the more specific ones recommended for the study in question. After the organic portion of this waste was generated and collected, it was stored and transported to the external area of the GGEA Laboratory and then subjected to physical pretreatment and chemical characterization was carried out. The experimental system consisted of two types of composters, with different geometric characteristics, construction material and monitoring process, and three repetitions for each type of composter with a 30 kg capacity. The physical, chemical and sanitary parameters applied to the characterization of household solid waste "in natura", in the stage of aerobic biostabilization and biostabilization were: temperature; aeration; moisture content; total solids (TS); total volatile solids (TVS); TKN; total phosphorus; potassium; pH and helminth eggs, taking into account the analytical methods recommended by APHA (2012). In the case of solid household waste arising from collection with segregation at the source itself, a significant percentage of carbonaceous material that could be bio-stabilized aerobically in a short period of time was quantified, enabling the generation of organic compost within a good quality standard. In the aerobic bio-stabilization process, temperature values were reached in the thermophilic phase in the second to fourteenth day of monitoring, there was an increase in pH, TS and relative percentages of TKN, TP and K. Regarding the TVS, moisture content and TOC, there was a downward trend, starting from average values of 79.01%, 66.27% and 43.89%, respectively, for 53.23%, 30% and 29.58% of total solids at the end of the process. Regarding the amount of helminth eggs, they suffered a significant reduction, starting at 4.6 eggs/gST, with no helminth eggs found in the compound produced. Therefore, it can be seen that the average percentage of aerobic biotransformation of household solid organic waste into organic compost in the composting system of the present study was higher compared to that observed in other studies, given the presence of a significant percentage of carbonaceous material and strict monitoring process. In this sense, the present research contributed to the nutrient cycling process, enabling the transformation of a major environmental and public health problem, into a sustainable solution in the environmental, economic and social fields.A forma de destinação inadequada de resíduos sólidos domiciliares é um dos desafios para a segurança ambiental mundial. Dessa forma, considera-se que o sistema de compostagem capaz de transformar a fração orgânica putrescível dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares em composto orgânico poderá em curto espaço de tempo uma alternativa tecnológica sustentável, em especial para regiões de clima árido e problemas de desertificação. Porém, será necessário que haja programas robustos de coleta seletiva, em âmbito local, municipal, estadual, nacional e internacional, objetivando melhorar nos aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares produzidos. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho do tratamento biológico aeróbio aplicado à fração orgânica putrescível dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares gerados em condomínio residencial vertical. Para a realização do processo de coleta seletiva dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares, diversas atividades foram realizadas com os moradores do condomínio, levando-se em consideração os princípios norteadores da Educação Ambiental, notadamente os mais específicos recomendados para o estudo em pauta. Depois de gerados e coletados a parcela orgânica desses resíduos foi armazenada e transportada para a área externa do Laboratório de GGEA e em seguida submetida ao pré tratamento físico e realizou-se a caracterização química. O sistema experimental consistiu de dois tipos de composteiras, com características geométricas, material de construção e processo de monitoramento diferente, e três repetições por cada tipo de composteira com 30 kg de capacidade. Os parâmetros físicos, químicos e sanitários aplicados à caracterização dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares “in natura”, em estágio de bioestabilização aeróbia e bioestabilizados foram: temperatura; aeração; teor de umidade; sólidos totais (ST); sólidos totais voláteis (STV); NTK; fósforo total; potássio; pH e ovos de helmintos, levando-se em consideração os métodos analíticos preconizados por APHA (2012). Em se tratando de resíduos sólidos domiciliares advindos de coleta com segregação na própria fonte geradora, foi quantificado significativo percentual de material carbonáceo passível de ser bioestabilizado aerobia em um curto período de tempo, propiciando a geração de composto orgânico dentro de um bom padrão de qualidade. No processo de bioestabilização aeróbia foi alcançado valores de temperatura na fase termófila no segundo a décimo quarto dia de monitoração, houve elevação de pH, de ST e dos percentuais relativos de NTK, PT e K. Em relação aos STV, teor de umidade e COT, houve uma tendência de redução, partindo de valores médios de 79,01%, 66,27% e 43,89%, respectivamente, para 53,23%, 30% e 29,58% de sólidos totais ao final do processo. Já em relação à quantidade de ovos de helmintos, estes sofreram uma redução significativa, iniciando em 4,6 ovos/gST, não sendo encontrado nenhum ovo de helminto no composto produzido. Portanto, pode ser constatado que, a média porcentual de biotransformação aeróbia de resíduos sólidos orgânicos domiciliares em composto orgânico no sistema de compostagem do presente estudo foi maior em comparação com o observado em outros estudos, haja vista a presença de significativo percentual de material carbonáceo e rígido processo de monitoração. Neste sentido, a presente pesquisa contribuiu no processo de ciclagem dos nutrientes, propiciando a transformação de um grande problema ambiental e de saúde pública, em solução sustentável no campo ambiental, econômico e social.Submitted by Jean Medeiros (jeanletras@uepb.edu.br) on 2022-03-10T12:33:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - António Fraga Freitas.pdf: 2492066 bytes, checksum: 0b071d32e65b6d88f153292427eb4234 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Secta BC (secta.csu.bc@uepb.edu.br) on 2022-03-10T13:01:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - António Fraga Freitas.pdf: 2492066 bytes, checksum: 0b071d32e65b6d88f153292427eb4234 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2022-03-10T13:07:53Z (GMT). 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical |
title |
Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical |
spellingShingle |
Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical Freitas, António Fraga Resíduos sólidos domiciliares Sustentabilidade Composto orgânico Coleta seletiva Household solid waste Sustainability Organic compost Selective collection ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA |
title_short |
Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical |
title_full |
Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical |
title_fullStr |
Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical |
title_full_unstemmed |
Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical |
title_sort |
Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical |
author |
Freitas, António Fraga |
author_facet |
Freitas, António Fraga |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Leite, Valderi Duarte |
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv |
10879390469 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Mônica Maria Pereira da |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1ID.fl_str_mv |
39597997487 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Souza, Roberth Fagundes de |
dc.contributor.referee1ID.fl_str_mv |
07986348631 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Cavalcante, Lívia Poliana Santana |
dc.contributor.referee2ID.fl_str_mv |
06753619402 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
61057620386 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Freitas, António Fraga |
contributor_str_mv |
Leite, Valderi Duarte Silva, Mônica Maria Pereira da Souza, Roberth Fagundes de Cavalcante, Lívia Poliana Santana |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Resíduos sólidos domiciliares Sustentabilidade Composto orgânico Coleta seletiva |
topic |
Resíduos sólidos domiciliares Sustentabilidade Composto orgânico Coleta seletiva Household solid waste Sustainability Organic compost Selective collection ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Household solid waste Sustainability Organic compost Selective collection |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA SANITARIA |
description |
The form of improper disposal of solid household waste is one of the challenges for global environmental security. Thus, it is considered that the composting system capable of transforming the putrescible organic fraction of household solid waste into organic compost could in a short time be a sustainable technological alternative, especially for regions with arid climate and desertification problems. However, it will be necessary to have robust selective collection programs, at the local, municipal, state, national and international levels, aiming to improve the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the household solid waste produced. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of the aerobic biological treatment applied to the putrescible organic fraction of the household solid waste generated in a vertical residential condominium. In order to carry out the selective collection process for household solid waste, several activities were carried out with the residents of the condominium, taking into account the guiding principles of Environmental Education, notably the more specific ones recommended for the study in question. After the organic portion of this waste was generated and collected, it was stored and transported to the external area of the GGEA Laboratory and then subjected to physical pretreatment and chemical characterization was carried out. The experimental system consisted of two types of composters, with different geometric characteristics, construction material and monitoring process, and three repetitions for each type of composter with a 30 kg capacity. The physical, chemical and sanitary parameters applied to the characterization of household solid waste "in natura", in the stage of aerobic biostabilization and biostabilization were: temperature; aeration; moisture content; total solids (TS); total volatile solids (TVS); TKN; total phosphorus; potassium; pH and helminth eggs, taking into account the analytical methods recommended by APHA (2012). In the case of solid household waste arising from collection with segregation at the source itself, a significant percentage of carbonaceous material that could be bio-stabilized aerobically in a short period of time was quantified, enabling the generation of organic compost within a good quality standard. In the aerobic bio-stabilization process, temperature values were reached in the thermophilic phase in the second to fourteenth day of monitoring, there was an increase in pH, TS and relative percentages of TKN, TP and K. Regarding the TVS, moisture content and TOC, there was a downward trend, starting from average values of 79.01%, 66.27% and 43.89%, respectively, for 53.23%, 30% and 29.58% of total solids at the end of the process. Regarding the amount of helminth eggs, they suffered a significant reduction, starting at 4.6 eggs/gST, with no helminth eggs found in the compound produced. Therefore, it can be seen that the average percentage of aerobic biotransformation of household solid organic waste into organic compost in the composting system of the present study was higher compared to that observed in other studies, given the presence of a significant percentage of carbonaceous material and strict monitoring process. In this sense, the present research contributed to the nutrient cycling process, enabling the transformation of a major environmental and public health problem, into a sustainable solution in the environmental, economic and social fields. |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-11-06 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2022-03-10T13:07:53Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
FREITAS, António Fraga. Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical. 2020. 96f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental - PPGCTA) - Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, 2022. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/jspui/handle/tede/4194 |
identifier_str_mv |
FREITAS, António Fraga. Tratamento aeróbio de resíduos sólidos orgânicos gerados em condomínio vertical. 2020. 96f. Dissertação (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental - PPGCTA) - Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, 2022. |
url |
http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/jspui/handle/tede/4194 |
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por |
language |
por |
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4424065786745700953 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 600 |
dc.relation.department.fl_str_mv |
524871450381110278 |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
4980055448743338403 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Estadual da Paraíba |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental - PPGCTA |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UEPB |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa - PRPGP |
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Universidade Estadual da Paraíba |
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