Influência da granulometria e da concentração de sólidos totais de resíduos sólidos vegetais no processo de bioestabilização anaeróbia

• Autor(a) principal: Viriato, Crislânne Lemos
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UEPB
• Texto Completo: http://tede.bc.uepb.edu.br/tede/jspui/handle/tede/1855
• topic: Análise de resíduos; Gestão de resíduos sólidos; Resíduos sólidos orgânicos; Bioestabilização anaeróbica; Granulometria; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA::TRATAMENTOS E APROVEITAMENTO DE REJEITOS

One of the great problems of our time is associated with increased generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) from human activities, these arising, among other factors, industrialization and rapid growth of urban centers. In Brazil are daily collected about 260 tons of MSW, and due to lack of proper management, such waste is improperly discarded into the environment, which has about 50.8% disposal in dumps (IBGE, 2008). The MSW is constituted by about 50 to 60% of organic solid waste (RSO), which undergoes biodegradation organic material leached and generating greenhouse gases, contaminated soil, water and air. In this sense, it becomes necessary to apply methods which can be used as alternatives for treatment. One alternative that has been highlighted within the RSO treatment is anaerobic digestion to generate biogas, which is considered as a renewable energy source. Some factors may influence the efficiency of anaerobic biostabilization, including the particle size of the substrate and the concentration of total solids in the waste to be treated. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of the RSO in biostabilization anaerobic batch anaerobic reactors (RAB), analyzing the influence of particle size and concentration of total solids in ambient temperature conditions. The experimental system was installed and monitored in physical dependencies Experiment Station Biological Sewage Treatment (EXTRABES) State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Campina Grande-PB, Northeast Brazil (7° 13´11˝ S, 35° 52´´31´). The substrates used to fuel the reactors were prepared from the mixture of solid vegetable (RSV) crushed anaerobic sludge and sewage coming from UASB (ratio of 80% to 20% of RSV sludge wet basis). The particle sizes of substrates were determined by the aperture size of the mesh sieves which the mixture was passed. Due to be analyzed the influence of two factors, each with three levels, nine different treatments were applied, and be performed in triplicate, totaled twenty and seven-RAB, with unit volume capacity of 2 liters, reserved 25% of this volume for the head-space. Quantification of the amount of biogas was performed daily with the aid of a manometer tube "U". After 200 days of monitoring the reactors were partially unloaded and substrates bioestabilizados subjected to physicochemical characterization. The results showed that among the conditions studied, the best treatment that favored the anaerobic biostabilization went to the substrate with smaller particle size (1.68 mm) and lower total solids (29.25 GST / L), yielding efficiency 37,77% removal of DQOapl, 37,49% and 32,60% of STV TKN and an average rate of approximately 17mL of biogas biogas/gDQOapl.