Síndrome da alienação parental: análise de um tema em evidência

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Analicia Martins de
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15439
• topic: Parental alienation syndrome; Conjugal separation; Family law; Separação conjugal; Síndrome da alienação parental; Separação (Psicologia); Direito de família; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL

In the Brazilian context, it can be noticed that, mainly from the year of 2006, the subject Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS) has received attention, becoming discussed in many events and publications. Defined in the middle of the 1980 s by the north-american psychiatrist Richard Gardner, PAS was considered a child disorder that would occur especially in children that were exposed to legal disputes between their parents. Such syndrome would manifest by the intensive rejection to one of the genitors, without justification. According to Gardner, the disorder would be resulted from the combination of what he calls programming the child by one of the genitors, and the child's own contributions against the other responsible. The subject has been widely spread out despite of the questionings and controversies that appeared in some countries. Those that defend the existence of the syndrome declare that it became a worldwide epidemic, suggesting that it would be an uncontested reality. Taking this in consideration, the present study intended to identify, by using national articles and other publications, the arguments and the theoretical constructions that would be basing the concept of parental alienation syndrome. For the research, the content analysis methodology was used, being the material disposed in the following categories of analysis: (in) definitions concerning PAS; justifications for the occurrence of PAS; the list of consequences; the procedures for the diagnosis; the punishment cast. From the analysis, it was verified that in Brazil the discussion around the syndrome is limited to, most of all, the reproduction of the international literature, especially Gardner s, which perspective is exclusively directed to the search of individual pathologies. It also can be noticed that the Gardner s ideas are usually distorted in the national publications, in which the authors, without mentioning studies or scientific researches, make theoretical additions to the Gardner s writings about the syndrome. It was verified that, in their arguments about PAS, the brazilian s authors prioritize the punishment of the genitors who supposedly would have induced the children to develop such syndrome. At the same time, these authors do not take in consideration many aspects of the conjugal separation context, as the socio-historical construction of the parental papers, the legal treatment dismissed to men and women along the time, the gender relations, amongst others. This study concluded that the considerations about the behaviors and the familiar relations in the context of conjugal litigation should not be accomplished by a psychiatric bias, which prioritizes the diagnostic, but by a social-historical perspective, that does not oppose individual and society, and also understands that the social actors become in the interior of history. Thus, it is considered that, in the way as the speeches of PAS are being spread in the national scene, there are the risk of weakening the debate about the equal rights and duties between separate parents, as well as about the right of younger s to have a family relationship, leading to a loss of politics perspectives, once the causes of the removal of the genitor not-guardian are interpreted exclusively by individual aspects