Ingestão de nutrientes segundo variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas em adultos brasileiros: Inquérito Nacional de Alimentação - Brasil, 2008-2009

• Autor(a) principal: Araujo, Marina Campos
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/4660
• topic: Diet quality; Micronutrients; Nutrient deficiency; Income; Education; Adult; Dietary surveys; Qualidade da dieta; Micronutrientes; Deficiência de nutrientes; Renda; Escolaridade; Adulto; Inquéritos epidemiológicos; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA::EPIDEMIOLOGIA

The thesis describes the nutrient intake according to demographic and socioeconomic variables in Brazilian adults, based on data from the first national survey of individual food intake. The National Dietary Survey (NDS) was conducted between 2008 and 2009. Total of 34,003 subjects aged 10 years or older participated in the study. The present study included 21,003 Brazilian adults, aged 20 59 years, after exclusion of pregnant and lactating women (n= 1,065). Two non-consecutive days of food records were used to estimate individual food intake. National Cancer Institute method allows correcting the within-person variance to estimate the usual nutrient intake. The Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) cut-off point method was used to estimate the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake according to sex and age group. The sodium inadequacy was estimated by intake above the tolerable upper intake level. The results are presented in two papers. In the first paper, prevalence of inadequacy was estimate according to macro regions of the country (North, Northeast, Southeast, South and Midwest) and location of the households (urban or rural). Prevalence of inadequacy equal to or greater than 70% were observed for calcium among men and magnesium, vitamin A, and sodium among both sexes. Prevalence equal to or greater than 90% were found for calcium in women and vitamins D and E in both sexes. In general, the greatest risk groups of inadequate micronutrient intake were women and those living in rural areas and in the Northeast region. In the second paper, the prevalence of inadequacy was estimate according to income and education. Income was characterized by monthly household per capita income and education was defined by number of full years of study. Both variables were categorized into quartiles. Simple linear regression models and mutually adjusted were estimated to verify the independent association between nutrient intake and socioeconomic variables. The interactions between income and education were tested. Results indicated that most of nutrients inadequacy decreased with increasing income and education; however, the excessive intake of saturated fat and low fiber intake increased with both variables. Most of nutrients were independently associated with income and education, however, iron, vitamin B12 and sodium intake among women were only associated with education. The interaction between income and education were observed in the association with sodium intake in men, phosphorus in women and calcium in both sexes. The findings indicate that improvement of education is an important step in reaching an adequate nutrient intake in Brazil, besides the need to formulate economic strategies that would allow lower-income individuals to adopt a healthy diet. Our results also show a major challenge to public healthy actions in the nutrition area, with important inadequacies of intake in adult Brazilian population, particularly in the most vulnerable regions of the country.