Fatores associados a óbito e hospitalizações em uma clínica de insuficiência cardíaca

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Viviane Gomes
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11279
• topic: Heart Failure; Epidemiology; Public Health Nursing; Insuficiência cardíaca; Epidemiologia; Enfermagem em saúde pública; Sistema cardiovascular - Doenças - Enfermagem; Insuficiência cardíaca - Epidemiologia; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM::ENFERMAGEM DE SAUDE PUBLICA

It is a descriptive, retrospective, study with quantitative approach whose general objective was to describe and analyze the epidemiological profile of patients with heart failure treated in a heart failure clinic of a university hospital. The specific objectives are oriented to a) characterize the cases of heart failure according to demographic variables, clinical variables, diagnosis and comorbidities, (b) compare clinical and demographic characteristics of patients according to the main groups identified and etiologic fraction ejection, (c) Determine mortality and hospitalization rates of patients followed by the HF clinic. The data analyzed in this study come from a database which is allocated information of ambulatory patients referred to the clinic. For data analysis was used descriptive statistics with mean, median and standard deviation, frequencies and percentages ,tables and graphs to demonstrate the data collected as well multivariate statistical analysis and Kaplan-Meyer s survival curves. They were analyzed using the software SPSS v.18.0. The results indicate a male predominance of 60.1% with an average age of 63.5 years±. The functional class observed that was the predominant class I and II, 73.6% of the total. Patients have attended an average of 42% ejection fraction of left ventricle and 61.7% had non ischemic etiology. In our study, we describe 71.8% of patients with systolic dysfunction. Patients with ischemic etiology were predominantly male (70.7%), and non ischemic etiology with a higher prevalence of females (45.5% vs 29.3%, p<0.001). In addition, ischemic patients were older (p<0.001), family history of CAD (p<0.041), diabetes (p<0.001). Systolic dysfunction (EF<50%) was predominant in the group of ischemic patients (77% vs 69%, p=0.048).The more advanced functional class (III and IV) were less prevalent in ischemic subjects(32.5%) compared to non-ischemic (41.3%) (p=0.041). Patients with an ischemic etiology had highest number of hospitalizations for other causes than HF (p<0.001) and greater number of deaths (p=0.007). Regarding the ejection fraction was observed that individuals with EF > 50% were predominantly female (p=0.006), older (p<0.001), non-ischemic etiology (p=0.048) and functional classes I and II (p=0.025). Individuals with EF <50% were more severe, with higher number of hospitalizations for HF (37.8% vs 20%) (p<0.001), and hospitalizations due to other causes (27.2% vs 17.5%) (p=0.018) and higher number of deaths (18% vs 8.4%) (p=0.005) than those with preserved ejection fraction. The results of this study were aimed at the knowledge of the real profile of a population with distinct characteristics, in order to improve the care given to it. The nurses in HF clinics with other professionals in the multidisciplinary team, play a key role in monitoring, guidance and education of these patients.