Memória social de enfermeiros acerca do cuidado de Enfermagem no contexto do HIV/aids: enfrentamentos, afetos e construções representacionais

• Autor(a) principal: Bernardes, Margarida Maria Rocha
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11136
• topic: Nursing; Nursing care; Social memory; HIV/aids; Social representations; Enfermagem; Cuidado de enfermagem; Memória social; HIV/aids; Representações sociais; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

The present study is concerned with the provision of care as well as with memories and social representations from nurses who worked in reference hospitals where HIV/aids patients were admitted to, in the city of Rio de Janeiro, from 1980 to 1991. It specifically aims to: Identify social memories related to nursing practices implemented by nurses and directed to HIV/aids patients in Rio de Janeiro; Describe nursing practices in the timespan aforementioned; Describe how nurses faced up to the epidemic in the professional context of the hospital where patients were being treated as well as regarding the social relationships that were established and, Analyse memories and social representations of care practitioners related to the nursing care provided to hospitalized HIV/aids patients in the decade following the onset of the epidemic. This descriptive field study has a qualitative approach based on the theoretical presuppositions of memory proposed by Sá in its interface with the theory of social representations from the field of Social Psychology. It has been conducted with the collaboration of 30 nurses who worked in facilities considered to be reference hospitals where HIV-infected patients were treated at the time. Data were collected by means of a semi-structured interview and from the subjects watching of 12 fac-símiles randomly chosen from the mass media. Subjects were predominantly females from 51 to 60 years of age. The main findings suggest that the social memory of nursing care is constructed from different representational objects (nursing care, aids and biosafety), instances of social memory (personal, public, practice, collective, common, verbal historical and documentational historical) as well as from several elements encompassed in that memory (care environment, family and work relationships, among others). Seven categories of analysis emerged: The process of nursing care: facing up to, capacitation and development; nurses and patients feelings described by care providers; the care provided directly to the patients in the beginning of the epidemic; memories of professional self-protection and protection to the patients; the contexts of the provision of care: environment, materials and human resources; Memories related to HIV patients, and interpersonal relationships. We highlight that the memories associated with the provision of care by nurses seem to be linked to the representational construction of aids (not-familiar/familiar), of the nursing care in itself (not in control/in control) and to the formation of a social group with a strong identity: the aids nurses group. We conclude that the study shows the pioneering aspect of the work performed by nurses who were in charge of HIV/aids patients in a hospital environment. These professionals provided care to HIV-infected patients while accounting for the possibility of contamination and developing auto-care practices (albeit sometimes exaggerated due to the lack of knowledge about the syndrome) as a means to protect their own health and the health of their families. Social memory as the umbrella concept of this study proves itself to be adequate to the data analysis, allowing to retrieve, at least partially, the dynamics of the nursing care in the first years of the syndrome.