Fatores associados à redução do índice tornozelo-braquial aferido por dois métodos diferentes em idosos hipertensos independentes para as atividades de vida diária

• Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, Raphael Monteiro Gomes de Macedo
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/8705
• topic: aging; hypertension; peripheral arterial disease; ankle-brachial índex; cardiovascular risk; envelhecimento; hipertensão arterial; doença arterial periférica; índice tornozelo-braquial; risco cardiovascular; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA::CLINICA MEDICA

In the last years, the population of elderly people is growing throughout the world, and the research of earlier risk markers reaches great relevance. One of these markers is peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and its prevalence increases with age. The measurement of ankle brachial index (ABI) is a noninvasive and simple way to identify PAD. To date, only the traditional method has been used to calculate ABI in the elderly population. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors related to a low ABI, using two different methods of ABI calculation, in hypertensive elderly independent for activities of daily living. The patients (n=65) were submitted to a clinical and geriatric evaluation, laboratory tests and divided in groups with normal ABI (>0.9) and low ABI (&#8804;0.9). Initially, ABI was calculated from the division of the higher ankle systolic blood pressure (SBP) by the higher brachial SBP. Afterwards, ABI calculation was performed by an alternative method, using the lowest in place of the highest ankle SBP. The mean age was 74 years-old, and 76% were female. The prevalence of low ABI was 18% by the traditional method and 32% by the alternative method. By the traditional method, low ABI group presented higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (58 vs 9%, p<0.001), diabetes (83 vs 13%, p<0.01), metabolic syndrome (75 vs 41%, p<0.05), and significantly higher values of SBP (169±9 vs 152±3 mmHg, p<0.05) and pulse pressure (87±7 vs 67±2 mmHg, p<0.01). The reduction of ABI detected by the alternative method demonstrated association with the same variables, but additionally with greater frequency of smokers (29 vs 20%, p<0.05) and higher levels of LDL-cholesterol (154±13 vs 124±5 mg/dl, p<0.05). Moreover, the alternative method was able to detect moderate risk patients by Framingham score, although obese and presenting metabolic syndrome. These findings point out to an additional value of this system to estimate the risk to the Framingham score in the cardiovascular risk stratification, suggesting its incorporation in the routine of elderly patients evaluation