Estudo temporal de longo prazo da comunidade de moluscos límnicos em um riacho da Vila do Abraão, Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, RJ, Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, Isabela Cristina Brito
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/5855
• topic: Biological diversity; Abiotic factors; Exotic species; Centrocestus formosanus; Melanoides tuberculata; Diversidade biológica; Fatores abióticos; Espécies exóticas; Centrocestus formosanus; Melanoides tuberculata; Molusco - Ilha Grande, Baía da (RJ); Biodiversidade; Espécies exóticas; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA::ECOLOGIA APLICADA

Long-term studies are essential to evaluate certain ecological effects, that are otherwise impossible in short term studies. Freshwater molluscs are an important part of aquatic ecosystems as also act as vectors of medical importance parasites. The mollusc community of stream of Vila do Abraão were already studied, there are records of seven species, including the exotic Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774). The main goal of this study was to evaluate the mollusc dynamicsof the populations, with emphasis on M. tuberculata during seven years. The study area was a small impacted stream in Vila do Abraão, Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 42 bimonthly field expeditions were carried out from July/2006 to November/2013. The studied section of the stream was divided in eight collection stations, where three collectors searched for the molluscs during 15 minutes, totaling 45 minutes per collecting station. Were measured the following abiotic factors: luminosity, air and water temperature, humidity, pH, conductivity, depth and dissolved oxygen. Abundance, relative abundance, constancy, Shannon and Simpson diversity indices, equitability and uniformity were calculated for the community in each collecting expedition. To investigate the association of molluscs with helmintes was investigated through the exposure of the snails to light. For biomass was calculated the dry weight of the soft part of the M. tuberculata and the abundance was converted to density. During the seven years 90,718 specimens were collected: eight gastropods (M. tuberculata, Heleobia australis, Potamolithus sp., Physa acuta, Biomphalaria tenagophila, Gundlachia ticaga, Ferrissia fragilis e Omalonyx matheroni) and one bivalve (Pisidium punctiferum). The two most abundant species were M. tuberculata, 80%, and P. acuta, 8% of all molluscs collected. Melanoides tuberculata was the most constant species, and found in all collection stations after February/2009, except in the last expeditions. The diversity indices presented different values, however with similar variations. The equitability and uniformity were low, indicating a dominance of M. tuberculata. The parasite, Centrocestus formosanus, was found only in M. tuberculata. The highest parasite abundance was found in April/2013, when 50% of the population were parasited. The total M. tuberculata biomass was estimated as 8155 g and the annual secondary production was 423 g m-2year-1 in the last year of the study, and was possibly influenced by the parasite in population. We can conclude that community richness increased, from seven to nine species (six exotic and three native). The mollusc community of Vila do Abraão is dominated by M. tuberculata, in terms of abundance and biomass. The problems of introduced species are well-known, the long-term study is a good tool to understand the effects in a community perspective. This kind of study can give important information for to management and conservation strategies, especially in conservation units.