Interações iniciais mãe-bebê: uma comparação entre díades de bebês prematuros e nascidos a termo

• Autor(a) principal: Marinho, Talita Maria Aguiar
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15338
• topic: Mother-infant interaction; Prematurity; Neonatal Intensive Care Unit; Interação mãe-bebê; UTI-Neonatal; Prematuros; Recém-nascidos; Mãe e filho; Neonatologia; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA::PSICOLOGIA SOCIAL

The study of early interactions between mother and baby is fundamental to understanding human ontogeny (Seidl-de-Moura, et al., 2008) and to help promote the health of the relational dyad. In initial studies on the interactions between mothers and premature infants, there is still a question about whether premature birth and hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care unit strengthen or weaken the exchanges between members of the dyad. Thus, in this study we observed and analyzed the initial interactions between mother and premature baby in the neonatal intensive care unit, noted the development of interactions over two months, and compared with interactions of a group of mothers-term infants, according to predefined categories for the analysis of videos. Also examined, through interviews, features that mothers of each type of dyad reported on their children, as well as the development goals outlined and the emotions expressed in relation to the baby. Participants were 20 mother-infant dyads of term infants, and 20 mother-infant dyads in premature babies, born between 28 and 36 weeks gestational age. Among other evidence, while the babies were in the neonatal intensive care unit, significant associations were found between maternal characteristics and the baby. After hospital discharge, there were significant associations between dyadic synchrony and behavior of babies. There were no significant differences between the characteristics of interactions when the dyad was in the neonatal intensive care unit and after two months. There were no significant differences between dyads of mothers-term infants and mothers-preterm infants at term in relation to the timing of the dyad, nor between maternal behaviors in the two periods of observation, but a significant difference was found between the behaviors of autorregulatory in infants born at term and preterm infants. It was found that for both groups of mothers, the emotions most frequently reported were those of love and attachment. The goals of developing more pointed while mothers were with their baby in the neonatal intensive care unit were focused on the physical development of the infant, and when the infants were two months, the goals were more focused on emotional development, just as occurred with mothers of term infants. The characteristics most cited by the mothers think about their babies while they were in the neonatal intensive care unit were physical while after discharge, were the personal and emotional, as did mothers of term infants. The findings go against the claims that episodes of interaction in mothers of preterm infants are less sensitive, more intrusive, and their babies, less attentive and responsive. They pointed instead to a certain continuity between what was observed in the neonatal intensive care unit and two months. There were also no significant differences in most characteristics of interactions between mothers and premature babies and mothers and term infants. Thus, these results understate possible stigmatization on these mothers and indicate the importance of strengthening this relationship in the neonatal intensive care unit through health promotion strategies.