Emissões de compostos orgânicos voláteis de um aterro controlado e o potencial formador de ozônio

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Carolina Vieira de
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15672
• topic: Atmosphere; modeling; tropospheric ozone; volatile organic compounds; Atmosfera; modelagem; ozônio troposférico; compostos orgânicos voláteis; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA::QUIMICA ANALITICA

The purpose of this work was to quantify the Volatile Organic Compounds emissions by a landfill (Morro do Céu), located in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Twenty 10-minute samples were collected using a battery-operated air pump operated at 500 mL min-1, over a period of four days in May and December, 2009. A cylindrical 30 L PVC flux chamber was used, the open, bottom side of which was inserted into the landfill soil to a depth of 5 cm. The samples were collected using a valve at the upper, closed side of the chamber. The results indicated an elevated value of 1,980 kg km-2 h-1. A Gaussian plume dispersion model, implemented by Aermod software, was used to calculate the diffusion and transport of pollutants, and the pollutant concentrations in the surroundings were estimated using the emission, meteorological, and topographical data. Maximum values of 525 μg m-3 for VOC were found at approximately 500 m from the landfill. The landfill emissions were also compiled with meteorological data, using the OZIPR trajectory model coupled with SAPRC chemical mechanism, to demonstrate their impact on the formation of tropospheric ozone. It is well known that ozone is formed by the reactions of VOC, NOx and sunlight. The contribution of high VOC levels from the landfill emissions was expected to lead to higher ozone values. The results indicated a 1000% increase in ozone in the region of the landfill, compared to the ozone values for the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. The results show that it is both necessary and desirable that greater attention be given to the political management of municipal solid waste in the Brazil, including the location choice, the monitoring of landfill areas during and after their period of operation and techniques more appropriate of disposition of municipal solid waste