As doenças negligenciadas e suas representações sociais: um estudo com profissionais de saúde

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Charles Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11111
• topic: Neglected diseases; Health professionals; Nursing; Doenças negligenciadas; Profissionais de saúde; Enfermagem; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Neglected diseases are characterized by a group of infectious diseases that mainly affect low-income people in developing countries, with little investment in research and technology to enhance their control, prevention and drug treatment. Their denomination is due to the fact that they do not arouse the economic and financial interest of the big pharmaceutical industries, maintaining the continuity of the poverty cycle and diminishing the quality of life of the people. Our general objective was to analyze the social representations about neglected diseases in health professionals, with emphasis on the conceptual and practical dimensions of these representations. It is a research of a qualitative nature, supported by the Theory of Social Representations, in its procedural and structural approaches, carried out with 90 health professionals who work in primary and secondary health care institutions, in the municipality of Jequié, Bahia, Brazil. The research was carried out in three distinct phases: in the first stage we used the technique of free evocations, with the inductor term: neglected diseases, being analyzed by the four quadrants technique, with the help of EVOC, 2005 version; in the second stage, we returned to the field of research, to apply to a total of 27 participants of the same previous group the instruments of the centrality tests: the constitution of matched pairs and the basic cognitive schemes. They were analyzed by the similitude analysis and by the valence indices, respectively. In the third phase, we applied the instrument of the in-depth interview to 27 health professionals, being analyzed with the help of IRAMUTEQ through the mechanized lexical analysis. In the structural analysis, the central nucleus was identified, with the elements neglect and ignorance, which organized the social representations of health professionals in a continuum that went from the individual to the social-political dimension, spanning the social-individual and imagery dimensions. Regarding the content, in the scope of the procedural approach, a general corpus was composed of 27 interviews, separated into 1,076 text segments (TS) from which 1,043 TS (96.93%) were used. 38,421 occurrences (words, forms or terms) emerged, being 2,349 distinct words and 978 with a single occurrence. The analyzed content was categorized into 07 distinct classes that showed the theoretical and practical dimensions of social representations. The social representations of the health professionals on neglected diseases show that they have a normative attitude, although they interact daily with these diseases in their work environment. This implied the construction of judgments with negative elements, by the health professionals, about the behaviors and practices of the subjects that make up the triad (individual, health team and managers) in coping with neglected diseases. It is concluded that the social representations of the health professionals on neglected diseases manage and influence their care practices, modifying the reality that surrounds them and playing a leading role in new and indispensable knowledge for the control, prevention and treatment of these morbid entities.