O trabalho em serviço de emergência e os riscos psicossociais: repercussões para a saúde mental do enfermeiro

• Autor(a) principal: Araujo, Priscilla Moutella Barroso
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11389
• topic: Nursing; Mental health; Emergency; Enfermagem; Saúde mental; Emergência; Saúde do trabalhador; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

The object of this study is the psychosocial risks of working in emergency services and the repercussions on the mental health of the nurses. The objectives of the research are: a) Identify psychosocial risks present in emergency room nurse in sight; b) Describe the impact of psychosocial risks for the mental health of the nurses/ and analyze the coping strategies adopted by nurses in emergency service front psychosocial risks. The method used was qualitative, descriptive and exploratory, the field of research was a federal public hospital located in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. Study participants were twenty-two nurses who developed welfare and managerial activities in emergency, selected according to the following criteria: a) related by a statutory or CLT work; b) performed their work in field for at least one year; c) had not been away from work due to health problems, vacations or other types of licenses. In accordance with the National Health Council's resolution n 466/12, the study was authorized by the Research Ethics Committee with the following registration numbers 940.047 and CAAE 37922514.4.0000.5282. Data collection was adopted a semi-structured interview technique through script and a questionnaire to characterize the subjects. In the analysis of the reports applied to content analysis. The following psychosocial risks in emergency nursing work were identified in the research: a) overcrowding evidenced by an ineffective control of the flow of patients; b) shortage of human resources and lack of material resources; c) the unpredictability of the clinical condition of patients; d) inadequate working conditions due to the constant need for improvisation and lack of maintenance of equipment. In addition, the physical and psychological workplace violence caused by users dissatisfied with the service provided. These risks generate stress with repercussions for mental health of the workers, detected as complains of stress, nervousness, irritation and somatization. Analysing all these facts, it becomes evident the harmfulness of this work environment. In view of these psychosocial risk nurses prepare defense mechanisms or coping strategies, both inside and outside work, which combine cognitive and behavioral efforts elaborated to dominate, tolerate or reduce the stress in the work environment by using emotion regulation or/and problem solving. Although workers develop strategies in an effort to minimize the stress and continue working, their mental health is already damaged and, if the organization and/or the worker do not take measures accordingly, there is a possible increase of individuals and organizational responsabilities that will consequently cause the decline in quality of service and the illness of the workers. In conclusion, it's necessary that the organization, alongside the Occupational Health and core professionals, intervene in these matters, preventing, controlling and combating the pointed psychosocial risks, to improve the quality of life of workers and the service offered to the population.