Avaliação da segurança e eficácia da abiraterona e enzalutamida pré e pós-quimioterapia no tratamento de pacientes com câncer de próstata metastático castração-resistente: revisão sistemática.

• Autor(a) principal: Figliuolo, Giuseppe
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/4513
• topic: Prostate cancer; Abiraterone; Enzalutamida; Biomedical technology assessment; Systematic review; Câncer de próstata; Abiraterona; Enzalutamida; Avaliação de tecnologias biomédicas; Revisão sistemática; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA

Prostate cancer is a public health problem with high prevalence worldwide and in Brazil. Some patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage or progress to it after initial treatment. In the phase of castration resistant metastatic prostate cancer (CPMCR), the use of abiraterone acetate (AA) and enzalutamide (ENZ) appear as treatment alternatives. The aim of the thesis was to synthesize the available scientific evidence through a systematic review (SR) on the safety and efficacy of AA and ENZ employed in men with CPMCR before and after chemotherapy (QT). We also sought to evaluate the same attributes of technologies in the elderly aged ≥ 75 years and patients with visceral metastasis. We searched five electronic bibliographic databases - Medline, Embase, Lilacs, Scopus, Web of Science - and two clinical trial record databases - CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) descriptors and free terms corresponding to the health problem and the technologies of interest were used, combined with the use of AND and OR boolean operators, without initial language restriction. Articles were included from January 2006 to December 2018. All stages of RS were performed by two independent reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. 9,465 references were identified, and only 29 articles went to the full text analysis phase. In the second phase, only 12 studies were included, with six corresponding to original phase III clinical trials, four contemplating the use of AA (two using AA before QT and two after QT) and two using ENZ (one before QT and one after QT). Another six studies dealt with subgroup analysis, age> 75 years and visceral metastasis. Overall survival and time-free radiological progression showed favorable results for the use of AA and ENZ, even in individuals over 75 years of age and visceral metastasis with a survival gain of approximately four months. The drugs showed low rates of moderate and severe adverse events, with no statistical difference regarding placebo use compared to grade V adverse events (between 3.5 and 3.7%), and treatment discontinuation rate. , around 6 to 8%. Both AA and ENZ drugs showed similar benefits. Despite the favorable results, they are supported by few phase III ECCRs, which should be taken into account in decisions of eventual incorporation into the Unified Health System.