Avaliação do estado nutricional e inflamatório de pacientes com doença renal crônica em tratamento conservador com dieta hipoprotéica.

• Autor(a) principal: Carvalho, Laura Kawakami
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12722
• topic: Chronic kidney disease; Inflammation; Body composition; Obesity; Creactive protein; Leptin; Doença renal crônica; Inflamação; Composição corporal; Obesidade; Proteína C-reativa; Leptina; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::NUTRICAO

Metabolic disturbances resulting from the decline of renal function are a common feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). These complications may lead to changes in the nutritional status. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether CKD patients under conservative treatment show changes in the nutritional status and inflammation and also to assess whether changes in body weight will change these parameters. Fifty-six clinically stable patients with CKD stages 3 and 4 (57% male, age: 62.3 ±14 years) following a low protein diet and under treatment in a multidisciplinary CKD outpatient clinic were included. Patients with malignant disease, acute inflammation, taking immunosuppressive drugs and with non stable diabetes mellitus were not included. The mean duration of follow-up was 12 ±2 months. Participants had the following parameters assessed at baseline and after 12 months: body weight, body composition, serum levels of albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein (CRP) and leptin. None of the patients had protein energy wasting (PEW) neither at baseline nor at the end of the study. In addition, 21 patients lost body weight (-7.0 to -0.2kg) and 35 gained body weight (0.2 to +9.7kg). In the Loss Body Weight Group (LossBWG) the body mass index (BMI) changed from overweight to the normal range and, in the Gain Body Weight Group (GainBWG), BMI increased significantly, but without changing the nutritional status classification overweight. In both groups, body fat was the body compartment most susceptible to changes. In the LossBWG a significant decrease in body fat occurred in males and females. Similarly, in the GainBWG an increase in body fat was observed, being significantly only in females. In both groups the body cell mass and phase angle did not change during the study. Regarding the metabolic parameters, in the LossBWG serum glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides decreased significantly.In the LossBWG, although not significantly, CRP reduced by 17% and became close to the values indicative of a non-inflammatory state. In the GainBWG, there was a statistical increase in leptin, whereas CRP did not change. Moreover in the total group (n=56) there was a significant association between delta CRP and delta body weight (r=0.39, P<0.05), delta BMI (r=0.39, P<0.05) and delta waist circumference (r=0.33, P<0.05). The magnitude of the association between delta body weight and delta CRP was 0.8 mg/L (P = 0.008), meaning that the change of 1 kg body weight is associated with a change of 0.8 mg/L CRP. To summarize, in clinically stable patients on CKD stages 3 and 4 followed by one year, PEW was not developed, even in patients who lost body weight. In addition, body fat was the body compartment that suffered most changes during the follow-up. The serum leptin increased in patients that gained body weight. Moreover, the variation in body weight had an effect in modifying the CRP.