Avaliação dos torques para inserção, remoção e fratura de diferentes miniimplantes ortodônticos em cortical de tíbia bovina

• Autor(a) principal: Nova, Maria Fernanda Prates da
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/14147
• topic: Dental implants; Material resistance; Torque; Orthodontic anchorage procedures; Implantes dentários; Resistência de materiais; Torque; Procedimentos de ancoragem ortodôntica; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ODONTOLOGIA::ORTODONTIA

The use of groups of teeth or appliances which rely on patient compliance, as anchorage mechanisms, can be limiting factors for the success of orthodontic treatment. This fact encouraged the search for skeletal or absolute anchorage methods, which include orthodontic mini-implants. They are commercially available in different dimensions and designs, but there is scarce information regarding the relation between its morphology and clinical failures or fractures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the behavior of mini-implants with different forms for the following factors: (a) maximum insertion torque, (b) maximum removal torque, (c) fracture torque, (d) type of fracture, (e) shear tension and (f) normal tension. Twenty self-drilling mini-implants were used, 10 from SIN and 10 from Neodent, with 1.6 mm in diameter and with 8 and 7 mm in length, respectively. Out of these 10 mini-implants, 5 did not have a neck and the other 5 had a 2 mm neck, and were separated into 4 groups: SIN without neck (SSP), SIN with neck (SCP), Neodent without neck (NSP) and Neodent with neck (NCP). All mini-implants were inserted in bovine tibia cortex and later removed with a low speed handpiece connected to a digital torquimeter, which recorded the maximum insertion and removal torques. The mini-implants that did not fracture during insertion and removal assays were submitted to the fracture test, performed in an EMIC universal test machine. The insertion, removal and fracture torques, as well as the calculated shear and normal tensions were compared between all groups. The type of fracture was assessed by the shear tension and by evaluation in scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Insertion and removal torques were compared for each group. All comparisons were done by ANOVA. The NCP group presented a significantly greater insertion torque than all other groups (30.6 ± 1.8 Ncm), but all of them fractured during insertion (n=2) or removal (n=3). There were no significant differences between groups for removal torque. Only group SSP presented a significant difference between insertion and removal torques, for the same group. For group NSP, the fracture torque was significantly smaller than all other groups (27.42 ± 1.14 Ncm). There was no significant difference between shear and normal tensions between groups, demonstrating that all mini-implants suffered ductile fracture, confirmed by SEM. Since mini-implants from all groups are made of the same alloy, varying only in form, one may conclude that resistance to fracture can be affected by this variable.