Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina.
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2013 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ |
Texto Completo: | http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12465 |
Resumo: | The main objective of this work is to answer the following question: why Latin American Presidents fall? In order to conduct this research, political crises and falls of representatives that occurred between 1990 and 2012 were analyzed, which was a period after the re-democratization and the beginning of political and economic reforms of neoliberal nature, adopting two main explanatory dimensions: the variables connected to political institutions, as well as the civil society and social movement actions. Besides the debate regarding the causes for the presidential instability, I focused on describing and explaining all the cases of presidential fall in the last 30 years, as well as debating the current status of democracy and the quality of political representation in this region. Aiming to avoid generalizations, the cases were analyzed in two distinct and consecutive scenarios: 1) the moments of political crisis with a real possibility for presidential fall, and 2) the actual presidential falls. Despite the region observing huge instability in the last decades, one event draws attention and differentiates the current momentum from the episodes occurred in the past: Presidents fall but democracy lives on. The conservative forces might have learned about the high costs for the fulfillment of a military coup in the same molds performed in the past. In this manner, the new pattern for the removal of representatives in this region would occur mainly in face of the conflicts between the Head of the Executive and the other institutions in the country (primarily the Legislative power) within a context of high pressure from the streets in favor of the Presidents' exits, usually identified by the majority of population as the main culprits for the political and economic crisis. Such events happened in most part within constitutional norms in force and represented the institutional solutions that were found, allowing the solution for the conflict and pressure originated from several sectors of the society, or with the stabilization of the crisis and consequential permanence of the Presidents in their positions, or even with the removal of them from power. Therefore, we can conclude that the political and presidential instability is one of the main consequences of the democracy development in Latin America. However, the last three cases of presidential crisis Honduras (2009), Ecuador (2010) and Paraguay (2012) can be deemed as a new model of political action from conservative and antidemocratic elites in this region, which adopted a strategy of illegal coups against the representatives identified as being from the left party. This new tactic would be fast and objective, without the use of social mobilizations but with the support of opposition sectors from the respective Congresses and Military Forces in order to fulfill their activities, performed in an eminently unconstitutional manner. |
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Lima, Maria Regina Soares dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4161307140465507Figueiredo, Argelina Maria Cheibubhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2261555898412006Santos, Fabiano Guilherme Mendeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3534868879163140Pessanha, Charles Freitashttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1106666860330147Amorim Neto, Octaviohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3086288257972856http://lattes.cnpq.br/7370207316680307Souza, André Luiz Coelho Farias de2021-01-06T20:43:02Z2018-02-062013-07-10SOUZA, André Luiz Coelho Farias de. Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina.. 2013. 295 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Política) - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2013.http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12465The main objective of this work is to answer the following question: why Latin American Presidents fall? In order to conduct this research, political crises and falls of representatives that occurred between 1990 and 2012 were analyzed, which was a period after the re-democratization and the beginning of political and economic reforms of neoliberal nature, adopting two main explanatory dimensions: the variables connected to political institutions, as well as the civil society and social movement actions. Besides the debate regarding the causes for the presidential instability, I focused on describing and explaining all the cases of presidential fall in the last 30 years, as well as debating the current status of democracy and the quality of political representation in this region. Aiming to avoid generalizations, the cases were analyzed in two distinct and consecutive scenarios: 1) the moments of political crisis with a real possibility for presidential fall, and 2) the actual presidential falls. Despite the region observing huge instability in the last decades, one event draws attention and differentiates the current momentum from the episodes occurred in the past: Presidents fall but democracy lives on. The conservative forces might have learned about the high costs for the fulfillment of a military coup in the same molds performed in the past. In this manner, the new pattern for the removal of representatives in this region would occur mainly in face of the conflicts between the Head of the Executive and the other institutions in the country (primarily the Legislative power) within a context of high pressure from the streets in favor of the Presidents' exits, usually identified by the majority of population as the main culprits for the political and economic crisis. Such events happened in most part within constitutional norms in force and represented the institutional solutions that were found, allowing the solution for the conflict and pressure originated from several sectors of the society, or with the stabilization of the crisis and consequential permanence of the Presidents in their positions, or even with the removal of them from power. Therefore, we can conclude that the political and presidential instability is one of the main consequences of the democracy development in Latin America. However, the last three cases of presidential crisis Honduras (2009), Ecuador (2010) and Paraguay (2012) can be deemed as a new model of political action from conservative and antidemocratic elites in this region, which adopted a strategy of illegal coups against the representatives identified as being from the left party. This new tactic would be fast and objective, without the use of social mobilizations but with the support of opposition sectors from the respective Congresses and Military Forces in order to fulfill their activities, performed in an eminently unconstitutional manner.O principal objetivo desse trabalho foi responder a seguinte pergunta: por que caem os presidentes na América Latina? Para empreender a pesquisa, analisei as crises políticas e quedas de mandatários ocorridas entre 1990 e 2012, período imediatamente posterior à redemocratização e ao início das reformas políticas e econômicas de cunho neoliberal, adotando duas principais dimensões explicativas: as variáveis ligadas às instituições políticas e a ação da sociedade civil e dos movimentos sociais. Além de debater os motivos da instabilidade presidencial, procurei descrever e explicar todos os casos de queda presidencial nos últimos trinta anos, além de discutir o estado atual da democracia e da qualidade da representação política na região. Com o intuito de evitar generalizações, os casos foram apreciados em duas conjunturas distintas e consecutivas: 1) os momentos de crise política com real possibilidade de queda presidencial e; 2) as efetivas quedas presidenciais. Apesar de a região ter presenciado grande instabilidade nas últimas décadas, um fato chama a atenção e diferencia o atual momento dos episódios ocorridos no passado: os presidentes caem, mas a democracia continua. Teria ocorrido um aprendizado das forças conservadoras acerca do alto custo da realização de um golpe militar nos moldes concretizados no passado. Assim, o novo padrão de destituição de mandatários na região ocorreria principalmente em razão dos conflitos do chefe do Executivo com as demais instituições do país (principalmente o Legislativo) em um contexto de forte pressão das ruas pela saída dos presidentes, geralmente identificados pela maioria da população como os principais culpados pelas crises políticas e econômicas. Tais eventos aconteceram majoritariamente dentro das normas constitucionais vigentes e representaram as soluções institucionais encontradas que permitiram que o conflito e as pressões oriundas de diversos setores da sociedade fossem solucionados, ou com a estabilização das crises e a consequente permanência dos presidentes em seus cargos, ou com a retirada dos mesmos do poder. Logo, podemos concluir que a instabilidade política e presidencial seria uma das principais consequências do desenvolvimento da democracia na América Latina. Contudo, os três últimos casos de crises presidenciais: Honduras (2009), Equador (2010) e Paraguai (2012) podem ser encarados como um novo modelo de ação política das elites conservadoras e antidemocráticas na região, que adotaram uma estratégia de golpes ilegais contra os mandatários identificados com a esquerda. Essa nova tática seria rápida e objetiva e não contaria com a utilização das mobilizações sociais, mas com o apoio de setores oposicionistas dos respectivos Congressos e das Forças Armadas para efetivar suas ações, realizadas de forma eminentemente extraconstitucionaisSubmitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-06T20:43:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese Andre Luiz Coelho.pdf: 2254127 bytes, checksum: b0f324e81fa7c21bcfe97197ec80f35c (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-06T20:43:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese Andre Luiz Coelho.pdf: 2254127 bytes, checksum: b0f324e81fa7c21bcfe97197ec80f35c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-10Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade do Estado do Rio de JaneiroPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência PolíticaUERJBRCentro de Ciências Sociais::Instituto de Estudos Sociais e PolíticosPresidentialismDemocracyStabilityLatin AmericaCivil SocietySocial movementsInstitutionsPresidencialismoDemocraciaEstabilidadeAmérica LatinaSociedade CivilMovimentos SociaisInstituiçõesCNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICAPor que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina.Why presidents fall?: challenges and survival in Latin America.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJinstname:Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ)instacron:UERJORIGINALtese Andre Luiz Coelho.pdfapplication/pdf2254127http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/bitstream/1/12465/1/tese+Andre+Luiz+Coelho.pdfb0f324e81fa7c21bcfe97197ec80f35cMD511/124652024-02-26 11:40:33.217oai:www.bdtd.uerj.br:1/12465Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttp://www.bdtd.uerj.br/PUBhttps://www.bdtd.uerj.br:8443/oai/requestbdtd.suporte@uerj.bropendoar:29032024-02-26T14:40:33Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina. |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Why presidents fall?: challenges and survival in Latin America. |
title |
Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina. |
spellingShingle |
Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina. Souza, André Luiz Coelho Farias de Presidentialism Democracy Stability Latin America Civil Society Social movements Institutions Presidencialismo Democracia Estabilidade América Latina Sociedade Civil Movimentos Sociais Instituições CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA |
title_short |
Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina. |
title_full |
Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina. |
title_fullStr |
Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina. |
title_sort |
Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina. |
author |
Souza, André Luiz Coelho Farias de |
author_facet |
Souza, André Luiz Coelho Farias de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Lima, Maria Regina Soares de |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4161307140465507 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Figueiredo, Argelina Maria Cheibub |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2261555898412006 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Santos, Fabiano Guilherme Mendes |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3534868879163140 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Pessanha, Charles Freitas |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1106666860330147 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Amorim Neto, Octavio |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3086288257972856 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7370207316680307 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Souza, André Luiz Coelho Farias de |
contributor_str_mv |
Lima, Maria Regina Soares de Figueiredo, Argelina Maria Cheibub Santos, Fabiano Guilherme Mendes Pessanha, Charles Freitas Amorim Neto, Octavio |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Presidentialism Democracy Stability Latin America Civil Society Social movements Institutions |
topic |
Presidentialism Democracy Stability Latin America Civil Society Social movements Institutions Presidencialismo Democracia Estabilidade América Latina Sociedade Civil Movimentos Sociais Instituições CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Presidencialismo Democracia Estabilidade América Latina Sociedade Civil Movimentos Sociais Instituições |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::CIENCIA POLITICA |
description |
The main objective of this work is to answer the following question: why Latin American Presidents fall? In order to conduct this research, political crises and falls of representatives that occurred between 1990 and 2012 were analyzed, which was a period after the re-democratization and the beginning of political and economic reforms of neoliberal nature, adopting two main explanatory dimensions: the variables connected to political institutions, as well as the civil society and social movement actions. Besides the debate regarding the causes for the presidential instability, I focused on describing and explaining all the cases of presidential fall in the last 30 years, as well as debating the current status of democracy and the quality of political representation in this region. Aiming to avoid generalizations, the cases were analyzed in two distinct and consecutive scenarios: 1) the moments of political crisis with a real possibility for presidential fall, and 2) the actual presidential falls. Despite the region observing huge instability in the last decades, one event draws attention and differentiates the current momentum from the episodes occurred in the past: Presidents fall but democracy lives on. The conservative forces might have learned about the high costs for the fulfillment of a military coup in the same molds performed in the past. In this manner, the new pattern for the removal of representatives in this region would occur mainly in face of the conflicts between the Head of the Executive and the other institutions in the country (primarily the Legislative power) within a context of high pressure from the streets in favor of the Presidents' exits, usually identified by the majority of population as the main culprits for the political and economic crisis. Such events happened in most part within constitutional norms in force and represented the institutional solutions that were found, allowing the solution for the conflict and pressure originated from several sectors of the society, or with the stabilization of the crisis and consequential permanence of the Presidents in their positions, or even with the removal of them from power. Therefore, we can conclude that the political and presidential instability is one of the main consequences of the democracy development in Latin America. However, the last three cases of presidential crisis Honduras (2009), Ecuador (2010) and Paraguay (2012) can be deemed as a new model of political action from conservative and antidemocratic elites in this region, which adopted a strategy of illegal coups against the representatives identified as being from the left party. This new tactic would be fast and objective, without the use of social mobilizations but with the support of opposition sectors from the respective Congresses and Military Forces in order to fulfill their activities, performed in an eminently unconstitutional manner. |
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2013 |
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2018-02-06 |
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2021-01-06T20:43:02Z |
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SOUZA, André Luiz Coelho Farias de. Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina.. 2013. 295 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Política) - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2013. |
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http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/12465 |
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SOUZA, André Luiz Coelho Farias de. Por que caem os presidentes? : contestação e permanência na América Latina.. 2013. 295 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Política) - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2013. |
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Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro |
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