Hepatite A e transfusão de sangue

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Suely Gonçalves Cordeiro da
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/15028
• topic: Hepatitis A - Transmission; Blood transfusion; Blood donors; Prevalence; Hematologic malignancies; Viremia; Anti-HAV IgM; Hepatite A - Transmissão; Transfusão de sangue; Doadores de sangue; Prevalência; Neoplasias hematológicas; Viremia; Anti-HAV IgM; Hepatite A; Sangue - Transfusão; Doadores de sangue; Neoplasias hematológicas - Sangue; Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite A - Sangue; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::MEDICINA::CLINICA MEDICA::HEMATOLOGIA

Hepatitis A has a worldwide distribution and has further spread in areas where the population has poor sanitary and hygienic conditions. It is presented as a typical childhood disease but can occur in other phases of functioning. When it affects young people and adults up to 68 years it can be transmitted by blood transfusion. This study, conducted in blood donors, developed in two stages: at first, a rare case of transmission was reported transfusion HAV in concentrated pool of spent and concentrated platelet filtered and irradiated red blood cells, at INCA, from the same donor donation, where it was determined HAV subtype and the viral load blood donor and two patients. As the product was writing an article about this occurrence. In a second stage, it showed the prevalence of anti-HAV antibodies from blood donors in the blood therapy service INCA / HC1. Methodology: was held up along the lines of retrospective study case report, serological, enzymatic and molecular procedures were performed on blood donor sample seropositive for IgM anti-HAV antibodies and in serum samples from two patients transfused with contaminated blood products. The description of the epidemiological assessment to HAV was based on an observational retrospective study, the samples of blood donations made at INCA / HC1 from January to December 2013. It was the presence of anti-HAV IgM antibodies among donors Blood (5633 samples) in order to identify the chance of transfusional transmission in a population of patients with hematological diseases and neoplasia. A subgroup of 2,058 samples were submitted for research of anti-HAV IgG antibodies. Results: It was found in 5,633 samples a prevalence of 0.05% (95% CI 0.00 to 0.11) IgM HAV. And in 2058 subgroup tested for HAV IgG, the prevalence was 59.81% (95% CI 57.7% - 61.9%). The variables age, profession, race and county of residence were independently associated with the presence of anti-HAV IgG antibodies. These results found consistent with the literature. Conclusions: Although the prevalence of anti-HAV IgM antibodies in INCA donors is low it is proven that may occur hepatitis A. It is important to know about immunization of HAV and demographic and socioeconomic profile of the population of blood donors in the screening process clinic. Particularly relevant is the information about HAV vaccination in immunocompromised patients with hematologic malignancies, which potentially require blood transfusion