O campo termo-higrométrico intra-urbano e a formação de ilhas de calor e frescor urbanas no bairro de Campo Grande (RJ)

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Michele Souza da
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/13428
• topic: Thermo - hygrometric field; Islands of heat; Islands of freshness; Urban expansion; Campo Grande; Campo termo-higrométrico; ilhas de calor; ilhas de frescor; expansão urbana; Campo Grande; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS::GEOGRAFIA FISICA

The studies on the urban climate are fundamental for the understanding of the processes that trigger in thermal, hygrometric and pluviometric changes in the environment. It is in this context that this dissertation, entitled The intra-urban thermo-hygrometric field and the formation of heat islands heat and urban freshness islands on the neighborhood of Campo Grande (RJ) has the objective of analyzing the thermal and hygrometric conditions of two areas that were selected within the Campo Grande neighborhood: the Center and the Rio da Prata sub-neighborhood, performing a comparative analysis of the results found, it was possible to identify the location of the heat island formations And freshness in these areas. To do so, some steps were necessary in the elaboration of this research: it was sought to understand the theoretical-conceptual aspects of the urban climate, as an initial basis for the continuation of the study. And it became necessary to understand the historical processes in the construction of the urban space of the Campo Grande neighborhood, from the genesis to the urbanization in the present day, allowing to observe the transformations promoted in the space by the urbanization, with alterations in the natural environment, being important to understand the effects Of urbanization in the climate. It was necessary to know the aspects involved in the local climate of the neighborhood, being a basis for the interpretation of the data obtained. For the field analysis the transects method was used, which consisted of thermo-hygrometric records in points within the two research areas, the center and the Rio da Prata, on days that coincided with the seasons of the summer, fall, Winter and spring of 2016, at three different times (morning, afternoon and night), and later the remote sensing was used, through the Landsat-8 images, the choice of images was chosen in dates that could also be Correspond with the four seasons of the year. The purpose of acquiring the images and collecting them at the moving points was to understand the behavior of the thermal and hygrometric field, as well as their variations, during the different seasons of the year, and in which, the heat islands acted with greater intensity. Thus, the strong relation of the heat islands to the use and occupation of the soil was identified, as the urbanization and its present elements can contribute to the increase of temperatures, and the replacement of the vegetation cover by the urban constructions that increase the thermal discomfort and hygrometric. The results of the survey showed that the Center for the greater urban densification, presented points with greater heating, and the sub-district Rio de la Plata found points where the temperatures were milder, which became more evident in the satellite thermal images . The intensity of the heat islands, especially in the Center, were higher in the afternoon, and the islands of heat of strong intensity could be recorded during the summer season. In summary, urbanization is considered the main agent that modifies the climate. Therefore, it is necessary to seek ways to mitigate its impacts on the environment, considering the thermal, hygrometric and pluviometric changes, including these aspects as relevant in impact studies and in the urban planning.