Análise da suscetibilidade à inundação na bacia hidrográfica do rio João Mendes, Niterói- RJ: planejamento e gestão das águas em áreas urbanas

• Autor(a) principal: Leal, Thiago dos Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/13446
• topic: Geotechnologies; Susceptibility; Flood; Hand model; Geotecnologia; Suscetibilidade; Inundação; Modelo hand; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::GEOCIENCIAS

Disorganized urban growth has significantly altered water dynamics in river basins, which has generated several socio-environmental problems. In several Brazilian cities it is possible to perceive irregular occupations in environmentally protected areas, mainly in the marginal ranges of rivers, where there is great susceptibility to the flood phenomenon. In this continuity, this work aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of flooding in the João Mendes river basin, Niterói-RJ, with the use of geotechnologies as a subsidy to environmental planning and management, based on the interface between the geosystemic, socioeconomic system and geojuridical system approach. For this it was evaluated the geoenvironmental characteristics (hypsometry, hydrographic network, geology, geomorphology and climatic aspects), socioeconomic parameters (historical process, evolution of urban occupation in the years 1976 and 2014, income range and percentage of households with exhaustion by census sector), the parameters of the geojuridical system (laws of the different governmental spheres) and the susceptibility to the flood (derived from the relation of geomorphometric, geomorphological and HAND model analysis) characterized in four classes: very low, low, medium and high. The results show a predominance of strong morphostructural control with 43% of the basin presenting the mountainous domain, 33% flood plain and the other 24% distributed in 6 other geomorphological units, besides a hydrographic network well altered by interventions of engineering works. The urban area of the basin increased from 14% to 26% between 1976 and 2014, with a high heterogeneity of income, with census tracts ranging from 0 to 2 minimum wages bordering on sectors from 10 to 20, with high susceptibility to flooding. It was verified that 24% of the urban area of the basin is in conflict of use with the existing environmental legislations, and of these 92% are related to the occupation in marginal bands of protection. The classes of susceptibility that obtained the most evidence in the basin were very low with extension of 8.97 km² (62.73%) and high with extension of 2.73 Km² (19.09%).