A Formação do Enfermeiro do Trabalho: uma discussão à luz da Determinação Social da Saúde

• Autor(a) principal: Rocha, Patrícia Rodrigues da
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11128
• topic: Social Determinants of Health; Nursing Education; Occupational Health Nursing; Social Medicine; Public Health; Occupational Health; Determinantes Sociais da Saúde; Educação em Enfermagem; Enfermagem do Trabalho; Medicina Social; Saúde Pública; Saúde do Trabalhador; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Workers' health conditions result from many determinants of individual nature, such as genetic inheritance and human biology, and of economic, socio-cultural, political, technological and organizational conditioning factors. These factors are expressed in the way of life of individuals and social groups. Thus, the social determination of health is verified through the social-historical character and the bio-psychological aspect of individuals. In the light of that some concerns were raised: Is the occupational health nursing formation still guided by the biologicist hegemonic model? Does it handles contents on the health-disease social production process? We delineated as a general objective of the study: Analyze the formation of the occupational health nurse, with reference to the discussion of social determination of health. And as specific objectives: a) To characterize the academic profile and the political-pedagogical project (PPP) from presential lato sensu occupational health nursing courses in Rio de Janeiro; b) Analyze the formation of the occupational health nurse in the light of the discussion on the social determination of health; and c) Discuss the formation of the occupational health nurse and the influences of social context in shaping their curriculum and social practice. This constitutes a study of qualitative nature, non-experimental, cross-sectional and descriptive. It was conducted semi-structured interviews with coordinators (N = 03) and students (N = 15), from three post graduation courses in occupational health nursing, being two from public institutions and one from a private educational institution. It was applied the Bardin content analysis. It was also carried out an analysis of the courses PPP, since they delineate the objectives and/or mission of the course, the program and the curriculum. Most of the students interviewed and a coordinator had not heard about the social determination of health. All courses cover, directly or indirectly, contents related to this subject. From the Public Health perspective, in which the Occupational Health is inserted, the occupational health nurses formation should consider the life history and the form of participation of workers in society and their relations of social reproduction. However, it appears that the occupational health nursing teaching is still guided by positivist approach of health-disease process, establishing health indicators relations, disregarding the social-historical character of this process. Within a social perspective ordered by capitalist relations in which we live in, is undoubtedly difficult to think of another way to approach the teaching of the various health professions. However, it is necessary to rethink the formation and performance of health professionals, within an inter, multi and interdisciplinary perspective appointed by the Public Health field in order to broaden the view on the subject beyond the sight focused on the disease, considering the subjective aspects involved in social determination of health. So it is required changes in the ways of thinking curriculum and of conducting the teaching-learning process of these health professionals.