Uma nova Geografia da Energia no Brasil: as fontes renováveis alternativas para a geração de energia elétrica e os incentivos governamentais para expansão do setor

• Autor(a) principal: Marquezino, Graziella Martinez Souza
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/13227
• topic: Geography of Energy; Alternative renewable sources; Governmental incentives; Electrical sector.; Geografia da Energia; Fontes renováveis alternativas; Incentivos governamentais; Setor elétrico.; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA::GEOGRAFIA HUMANA

The national electricity matrix is predominantly renewable, with a hydrothermal character, that is, the hydroelectric generation is complemented mainly by thermal plants, which are in turn highly criticized for using mainly fossil fuels. Thus, there is an urgent need to increase the use of other renewable sources in the sector. In Brazil, the use of these sources has grown vertiginously every year, mainly wind energy. However, the participation of these sources is still small in the electric matrix. In this context, it is necessary to investigate the factors that promote incentives to use these sources in the country by investigating the State s regulatory power, as well as the political actions established at governmental level, especially with respect to the internal aspects of regulation of promotion policies in the generation of these sources for the diversification or complementation of the national electricity matrix. In this sense, the main goal of this research is to analyze how the government incentives have acted in the sector of alternative renewable energy sources for electric generation (FARE) in Brazil, either through public policies for the electric sector or through public investments. The main FAREs participating in the national electricity matrix will be considered, namely: wind power, biomass, small hydroelectric power stations (PCH) and solar energy. It will also be sought to reflect on the participation and potential of these sources for national development in the socio-economic-territorial-environmental spheres, as well as the configuration of a new geography of energy by expanding the use of FAREs in Brazil. In order to enable the process of operationalizing this research, a qualitative analytical-descriptive analysis was established as a research approach. For this, a comprehensive bibliographical and documentary consultation related to the theme was carried out. A structured interview containing 7 questions was also used as a source of data collection. The actors interviewed stand out as being the most relevant to the sector today. This work, then sought to contribute to the geographic knowledge, addressing a thematic of relevance relevant to the development of the current society. When it is affirmed that a new Geography of Energy has been configured in Brazil, direct reference is made to the new processes inserted in the production of the FAREs in the country, that is to say, to the new territorialities produced by the energetic enterprises, to the local development provided by the use From these sources, the migratory flows produced by these demands, the environmental impacts produced through the production of these sources, the state action for its development and its consequences in society, in short, by the conformation of a new energy spatiality that is still metamorphosing.