A qualidade de vida de pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids: estudo de representações sociais

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Virgínia Xavier Pereira da
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UERJ
• Texto Completo: http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/handle/1/11458
• topic: HIV/Aids; Quality of life; Theory of social representations; HIV/Aids; Qualidade de vida; Teoria das representações sociais; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

The study object refers to the social representations of the quality of life of people living with HIV / AIDS. The objectives were: to analyze social representations of the quality of life among people living with HIV/Aids in the city of Rio de Janeiro; to identify the contents that constitute the social representations of the people with HIV/Aids quality of life; to describe the elements of the representational field present in the social representations of quality of life; to grasp the domains that influence quality of life from people living with HIV/Aids; to verify changes in the assessment of people living with HIV/Aids quality of life after diagnosis of seropositivity, based on their social representations. It is a descriptive field study, with a qualitative approach based on the theory of social representations, in its procedural approach. The study scenarios were 3 specialized care services (SAE) in the city of Rio de Janeiro. Participants are 34 people living with HIV/Aids in care in these SAE. Data were collected by sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and by semi-structured interview. The Iramuteq software was used for the treatment of the interview data and the SPSS 20.0 software for the analysis of sociodemographic and clinical data. The analysis of the discursive data was performed through lexical type content analysis. The profile of the group consists of 82.4% of males and 61.8% who declare themselves to be homosexuals / bisexuals. Regarding social and clinical aspects, 82.4% reported having a job, 58.8% had a fixed affective partner, and 91.2% had antiretroviral therapy, and the majority had no symptoms due to illness or medicines. It is verified that these aspects are predictors for the improvement of the quality of life. Iramuteq provided 4 classes of analysis: the interface of health services in the view of people with HIV/Aids; social and affective aspects of quality of life; adaptive and functional aspects of quality of life; influences of the future for quality of life. Data analysis showed that the representational field of people with HIV on its quality of life is composed of an imaginary dimension, where antiretroviral therapy predominates and by concepts and knowledge about aspects essential for the maintenance of quality of life and health, subfield of this representation, as well as a predominantly positive attitude towards their quality of life. The main factors that exert a negative influence on the participants' quality of life are social relations and stigma. It is concluded that quality of life is a multidimensional and subjective construct that goes beyond the health field, encompassing the physical, psychological, emotional, social and environmental dimensions. During the lifetime of HIV, individuals' lives are impacted not only on their health, but on other areas, which makes multidisciplinary care and the role of nursing a caregiver essential. The strategies that aim to reduce the damages associated with stigma are also important, due to the impact of these social behaviors on the quality of life of this group.