Avaliação da atividade antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória do extrato etanólico de Punica granatum L. (ROMÃ)

• Autor(a) principal: Vieira, Ana Carolina Santana
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufal.br/handle/riufal/1171
• topic: Enfermagem; Granatum.; Nociceptividade; Anti-inflamatórios; Nursing; Nociception; Anti-inflammatory; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Despite existing several pharmacological alternatives, it is growing the number of researchers interested in studying the pathophysiology and mediators of inflammation, because the drugs that are currently available on the market have limited efficiency and/ or have adverse effects that limit their use. Thus, it is necessary to continue the research in the search for more effective options. One alternative is the use of Punica granatum (pomegranate) that in the literature there are reports of the use of many of its parts in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Considering the results obtained in previous studies on the actions of P. granatum and the need to increase the knowledge about their applications, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory potencial effects of ethanolic extract from fruits peels's Punica granatum (EEPG). Peels, from Maragogi-AL, were lyophilized, grinded, macerated in ethanol PA, filtered and the final product rotaevaporated, obtaining 65 g EEPG in which the phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins and saponins. Toxicity tests were performed in vitro (MTT assay at doses of 1, 10 and 100 mg/ mL) and in vivo (acute toxicity test at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/ kg). To evaluate the antinociceptive activity were used as experimental models: writhing test induced by acetic acid, the hot plate test and formalin and glutamate-induced nociception. Anti-inflammatory activity evaluation was analyzed in the arthritis assay Freund agent-induced. To rule out a possible effect to alter the motor performance of the animals, the open field test was performed. Our results showed that the doses used showed no signs of toxicity in animals, with no death, change in weight or appetite, or change other parameters analyzed, whereas at the cellular level submaximal doses tested showed no cytotoxicity. EEPG treatment induced inhibition significantly and dependent-dose (ID50 = 7.9 ± 1.7 mg/ kg), the nociceptive action of acetic acid and Emax of 98.8 ± 1.2% was reached at the dose 100 mg/ kg. In the hot plate test no change in the latency time of the animals was observed. In the formalin test, the EEPG (100 mg/ kg, p.o.) did not inhibit the neurogenic phase (1st phase). However, the inflammatory phase (phase 2) was inhibited for 51.7%. For the induction of nociception induced by glutamate was observed that the EEPG possibly acts modulating negatively this pathway, either by antagonizing their actions receptor-mediated or inhibiting the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway. In the arthritis assay, all doses tested were able to decrease inflammation in the paw from the 3rd day of treatment, extending to the end of it. Finally, in the open field test, it was possible to observe that no satisfactory change of analyzed motor parameters, rulling out a possible effect on this system. The results of this study not only support research on natural products, but also to search for new analgesic and anti-inflamatory drugs. Further studies are needed to define the mechanisms of action of the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the fruits peel's of P. granatum, however, the results support the popular use of this plant.