Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Borges, Júlia de Oliveira
Data de Publicação: 2024
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFBA
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/39164
Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do treinamento físico e/ou da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e sobre a modulação da irisina plasmática e muscular e alterações morfológicas e funcionais no tecido adiposo branco e marrom de ratos Wistar machos em um modelo de obesidade. Métodos: 28 ratos Wistar machos com obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica (HC) foram divididos em 4 grupos: Grupo submetido à dieta HC e sedentário (n=7); Grupo submetido à dieta HC e treinado (n=7); Grupo submetido à dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos (HP) e sedentário; Grupo submetido à dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos (HP) e treinado (n=7). Após o período de 12 semanas, os animais foram eutanasiados e os tecidos adiposos subcutâneo (TASC), epididimal (TAE) e marrom (TAM), assim como o músculo gastrocnêmio e o sangue torácico foram coletados para posteriores análises. Avaliou-se a composição corporal, dosagem sérica e tecidual de irisina/FNDC5, morfologia do músculo gastrocnêmio e TASC e TAM. Foram avaliados também parâmetros de metabolismo energético no TASC e TAM e marcadores de atividade mitocondrial, perfil inflamatório, dano oxidativo e atividade das enzimas antioxidantes no TASC, TAE e TAM. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas através do teste ANOVA two-way (2 dietas x 2 condições de treinamento), seguida pelo pós-teste de Bonferroni. Os dados foram apresentados como média±erro padrão. Resultados: A dieta HP e o treinamento físico moderado por 12 semanas reduziram o peso e adiposidade corporal, bem como a área e o diâmetro dos adipócitos no TASC e aumentaram o peso e a área das fibras do músculo gastrocnêmio, bem como, a imunomarcação do precursor da irisina (FNCD5) e reduziram o conteúdo tecidual de triglicerídeos. A concentração sérica de irisina aumentou apenas por efeito do treinamento físico. No TAM, tanto treinamento físico quanto a dieta reduziram o conteúdo tecidual de triglicerídeos, no entanto, somente o treinamento reduziu a área ocupada por adipócitos uniloculares e aumentou a expressão gênica de UCP-1. Apenas o treinamento físico aumentou a enzima citrato sintase, marcador de atividade mitocondrial, no TASC, TAE e TAM. Ademais, o treinamento também determinou maiores efeitos benéficos no balanço redox, aumentando a expressão gênica e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes no TASC e TAM e reduzindo marcadores oxidativos (TBARS, proteínas carboniladas e nitritos totais). O perfil inflamatório foi modulado positivamente tanto pela dieta HP quanto pelo treinamento físico, que reduziram a razão TNF-α/IL-10 no TASC, TAE e TAM, aumentaram a expressão gênica de adiponectina, bem como a imunomarcação de NF-κB, MCP-1 e a razão macrófagos totais/ macrófagos M2 no TASC. Isoladamente, o treinamento físico aumentou os marcadores anti-inflamatórios IL-10 e IL-27 e reduziu os marcadores inflamatórios IL-6 (TASC e TAM), IL-1β (TAE), bem como os macrófagos totais, estruturas crown-like e linfócitos no TASC e a imunomarcação de NF-κB no TAM. Conclusão: No modelo estudado, os efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e do treinamento físico por 12 semanas atenuaram as alterações provocadas pela obesidade sobre parâmetros de composição corporal, morfologia e metabolismo tecidual, perfil inflamatório e oxidativo dos tecidos adiposos. Nossos achados reforçam a importância do treinamento físico regular por modular positivamente a irisina e conferir melhores benefícios morfofuncionais e sobre os perfis inflamatórios e oxidativos nos depósitos de tecido adiposo de animais obesos.
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spelling 2024-03-06T17:10:12Z2024-03-06T17:10:12Z2024-02-27https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/39164Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do treinamento físico e/ou da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e sobre a modulação da irisina plasmática e muscular e alterações morfológicas e funcionais no tecido adiposo branco e marrom de ratos Wistar machos em um modelo de obesidade. Métodos: 28 ratos Wistar machos com obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica (HC) foram divididos em 4 grupos: Grupo submetido à dieta HC e sedentário (n=7); Grupo submetido à dieta HC e treinado (n=7); Grupo submetido à dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos (HP) e sedentário; Grupo submetido à dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos (HP) e treinado (n=7). Após o período de 12 semanas, os animais foram eutanasiados e os tecidos adiposos subcutâneo (TASC), epididimal (TAE) e marrom (TAM), assim como o músculo gastrocnêmio e o sangue torácico foram coletados para posteriores análises. Avaliou-se a composição corporal, dosagem sérica e tecidual de irisina/FNDC5, morfologia do músculo gastrocnêmio e TASC e TAM. Foram avaliados também parâmetros de metabolismo energético no TASC e TAM e marcadores de atividade mitocondrial, perfil inflamatório, dano oxidativo e atividade das enzimas antioxidantes no TASC, TAE e TAM. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas através do teste ANOVA two-way (2 dietas x 2 condições de treinamento), seguida pelo pós-teste de Bonferroni. Os dados foram apresentados como média±erro padrão. Resultados: A dieta HP e o treinamento físico moderado por 12 semanas reduziram o peso e adiposidade corporal, bem como a área e o diâmetro dos adipócitos no TASC e aumentaram o peso e a área das fibras do músculo gastrocnêmio, bem como, a imunomarcação do precursor da irisina (FNCD5) e reduziram o conteúdo tecidual de triglicerídeos. A concentração sérica de irisina aumentou apenas por efeito do treinamento físico. No TAM, tanto treinamento físico quanto a dieta reduziram o conteúdo tecidual de triglicerídeos, no entanto, somente o treinamento reduziu a área ocupada por adipócitos uniloculares e aumentou a expressão gênica de UCP-1. Apenas o treinamento físico aumentou a enzima citrato sintase, marcador de atividade mitocondrial, no TASC, TAE e TAM. Ademais, o treinamento também determinou maiores efeitos benéficos no balanço redox, aumentando a expressão gênica e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes no TASC e TAM e reduzindo marcadores oxidativos (TBARS, proteínas carboniladas e nitritos totais). O perfil inflamatório foi modulado positivamente tanto pela dieta HP quanto pelo treinamento físico, que reduziram a razão TNF-α/IL-10 no TASC, TAE e TAM, aumentaram a expressão gênica de adiponectina, bem como a imunomarcação de NF-κB, MCP-1 e a razão macrófagos totais/ macrófagos M2 no TASC. Isoladamente, o treinamento físico aumentou os marcadores anti-inflamatórios IL-10 e IL-27 e reduziu os marcadores inflamatórios IL-6 (TASC e TAM), IL-1β (TAE), bem como os macrófagos totais, estruturas crown-like e linfócitos no TASC e a imunomarcação de NF-κB no TAM. Conclusão: No modelo estudado, os efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e do treinamento físico por 12 semanas atenuaram as alterações provocadas pela obesidade sobre parâmetros de composição corporal, morfologia e metabolismo tecidual, perfil inflamatório e oxidativo dos tecidos adiposos. Nossos achados reforçam a importância do treinamento físico regular por modular positivamente a irisina e conferir melhores benefícios morfofuncionais e sobre os perfis inflamatórios e oxidativos nos depósitos de tecido adiposo de animais obesos.Objective: To evaluate the effects of physical training and/or a high-protein and low-carbohydrate diet on the modulation of plasma and muscle irisin and morphological and functional changes in white and brown adipose tissue of male Wistar rats in an obesity model. Methods: 28 male Wistar rats with obesity induced by a high-calorie diet (HC) were divided into 4 groups: Group submitted to the HC diet and sedentary (n=7); Group submitted to the HC diet and trained (n=7); Group submitted to a high-protein and low-carbohydrates diet (HP) and sedentary; Group submitted to HP diet and trained (n=7). After a period of 12 weeks, the animals were euthanized and the subcutaneous (TASC), epididymal (TAE) and brown (TAM) adipose tissues, as well as the gastrocnemius muscle and thoracic blood were collected for further analysis. Body composition, serum and tissue levels of irisin/FNDC5, gastrocnemius muscle morphology and TASC and TAM were evaluated. Energy metabolism parameters were also evaluated in TASC and TAM and markers of mitochondrial activity, inflammatory profile, oxidative damage and activity of antioxidant enzymes in TASC, TAE and TAM. Statistical analyzes were performed using the two-way ANOVA test (2 diets x 2 training conditions), followed by the Bonferroni post-test. Data were presented as mean±standard error. Results: The HP diet and moderate physical training for 12 weeks reduced body weight and adiposity, as well as the area and diameter of adipocytes in the TASC and increased the weight and area of gastrocnemius muscle fibers, as well as immunostaining of the precursor of irisin (FNCD5) and reduced tissue triglyceride content. Serum irisin concentration increased only as a result of physical training. In TAM, both physical training and diet reduced tissue triglyceride content, however, only training reduced the area occupied by unilocular adipocytes and increased UCP-1 gene expression. Only physical training increased the enzyme citrate synthase, a marker of mitochondrial activity, in TASC, TAE and TAM. Furthermore, training also determined greater beneficial effects on redox balance, increasing gene expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes in TASC and TAM and reducing oxidative markers (TBARS, carbonyl proteins and total nitrites). The inflammatory profile was positively modulated by both the HP diet and physical training, which reduced the TNF-α/IL-10 ratio in TASC, TAE and TAM, increased adiponectin gene expression, as well as immunostaining of NF-κB, MCP -1 and the total macrophage/M2 macrophage ratio in TASC. Singly, physical training increased the anti-inflammatory markers IL-10 and IL-27 and reduced the inflammatory markers IL-6 (TASC and TAM), IL-1β (TAE), as well as total macrophages, crown-like structures and lymphocytes in TASC and NF-κB immunostaining in TAM. Conclusion: In the model studied, the effects of a high-protein diet restricted in carbohydrates and physical training for 12 weeks attenuated the changes caused by obesity on parameters of body composition, tissue morphology and metabolism, and the inflammatory and oxidative profile of adipose tissues. Our findings reinforce the importance of regular physical training as it positively modulate irisin and confer better morphofunctional benefits and on inflammatory and oxidative profiles in adipose tissue deposits of obese animals.porUniversidade Federal da BahiaPrograma Multicêntrico de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas (PMPGCF) UFBABrasilInstituto Multidisciplinar em Saúde (IMS)ObesityHigh protein dietPhysical trainingAdipose tissueIrisinCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::METABOLISMO E BIOENERGETICAObesidadeDieta hiperproteicaTreinamento físicoTecido adiposoIrisinaEfeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesosEffects of high-protein and low-carbohydrate diet and/or physical training on irisin concentration and morphofunctional parameters of adipose tissue in obese Wistar ratsMestrado Acadêmicoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionPaula, Rafael Pereira dehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-1450http://lattes.cnpq.br/8708600077570027Gusmão, Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhãeshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6313221703674661Santos Filho, Luciano Evangelista dosSoares, Telma de JesusGusmão, Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhãeshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-972Xhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8753595924780417Borges, Júlia de OliveiraABDEL-SATTAR, E. et al. 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dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos
dc.title.alternative.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Effects of high-protein and low-carbohydrate diet and/or physical training on irisin concentration and morphofunctional parameters of adipose tissue in obese Wistar rats
title Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos
spellingShingle Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos
Borges, Júlia de Oliveira
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::METABOLISMO E BIOENERGETICA
Obesidade
Dieta hiperproteica
Treinamento físico
Tecido adiposo
Irisina
Obesity
High protein diet
Physical training
Adipose tissue
Irisin
title_short Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos
title_full Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos
title_fullStr Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos
title_full_unstemmed Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos
title_sort Efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e/ou treinamento físico sobre concentração de irisina e parâmetros morfofuncionais do tecido adiposo de ratos Wistar obesos
author Borges, Júlia de Oliveira
author_facet Borges, Júlia de Oliveira
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Paula, Rafael Pereira de
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1800-1450
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/8708600077570027
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv Gusmão, Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/6313221703674661
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv Santos Filho, Luciano Evangelista dos
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv Soares, Telma de Jesus
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv Gusmão, Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3529-972X
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv http://lattes.cnpq.br/8753595924780417
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Borges, Júlia de Oliveira
contributor_str_mv Paula, Rafael Pereira de
Gusmão, Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
Santos Filho, Luciano Evangelista dos
Soares, Telma de Jesus
Gusmão, Amélia Cristina Mendes de Magalhães
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::METABOLISMO E BIOENERGETICA
topic CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BIOQUIMICA::METABOLISMO E BIOENERGETICA
Obesidade
Dieta hiperproteica
Treinamento físico
Tecido adiposo
Irisina
Obesity
High protein diet
Physical training
Adipose tissue
Irisin
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Obesidade
Dieta hiperproteica
Treinamento físico
Tecido adiposo
Irisina
dc.subject.other.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Obesity
High protein diet
Physical training
Adipose tissue
Irisin
description Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos do treinamento físico e/ou da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e sobre a modulação da irisina plasmática e muscular e alterações morfológicas e funcionais no tecido adiposo branco e marrom de ratos Wistar machos em um modelo de obesidade. Métodos: 28 ratos Wistar machos com obesidade induzida por dieta hipercalórica (HC) foram divididos em 4 grupos: Grupo submetido à dieta HC e sedentário (n=7); Grupo submetido à dieta HC e treinado (n=7); Grupo submetido à dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos (HP) e sedentário; Grupo submetido à dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos (HP) e treinado (n=7). Após o período de 12 semanas, os animais foram eutanasiados e os tecidos adiposos subcutâneo (TASC), epididimal (TAE) e marrom (TAM), assim como o músculo gastrocnêmio e o sangue torácico foram coletados para posteriores análises. Avaliou-se a composição corporal, dosagem sérica e tecidual de irisina/FNDC5, morfologia do músculo gastrocnêmio e TASC e TAM. Foram avaliados também parâmetros de metabolismo energético no TASC e TAM e marcadores de atividade mitocondrial, perfil inflamatório, dano oxidativo e atividade das enzimas antioxidantes no TASC, TAE e TAM. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas através do teste ANOVA two-way (2 dietas x 2 condições de treinamento), seguida pelo pós-teste de Bonferroni. Os dados foram apresentados como média±erro padrão. Resultados: A dieta HP e o treinamento físico moderado por 12 semanas reduziram o peso e adiposidade corporal, bem como a área e o diâmetro dos adipócitos no TASC e aumentaram o peso e a área das fibras do músculo gastrocnêmio, bem como, a imunomarcação do precursor da irisina (FNCD5) e reduziram o conteúdo tecidual de triglicerídeos. A concentração sérica de irisina aumentou apenas por efeito do treinamento físico. No TAM, tanto treinamento físico quanto a dieta reduziram o conteúdo tecidual de triglicerídeos, no entanto, somente o treinamento reduziu a área ocupada por adipócitos uniloculares e aumentou a expressão gênica de UCP-1. Apenas o treinamento físico aumentou a enzima citrato sintase, marcador de atividade mitocondrial, no TASC, TAE e TAM. Ademais, o treinamento também determinou maiores efeitos benéficos no balanço redox, aumentando a expressão gênica e atividade de enzimas antioxidantes no TASC e TAM e reduzindo marcadores oxidativos (TBARS, proteínas carboniladas e nitritos totais). O perfil inflamatório foi modulado positivamente tanto pela dieta HP quanto pelo treinamento físico, que reduziram a razão TNF-α/IL-10 no TASC, TAE e TAM, aumentaram a expressão gênica de adiponectina, bem como a imunomarcação de NF-κB, MCP-1 e a razão macrófagos totais/ macrófagos M2 no TASC. Isoladamente, o treinamento físico aumentou os marcadores anti-inflamatórios IL-10 e IL-27 e reduziu os marcadores inflamatórios IL-6 (TASC e TAM), IL-1β (TAE), bem como os macrófagos totais, estruturas crown-like e linfócitos no TASC e a imunomarcação de NF-κB no TAM. Conclusão: No modelo estudado, os efeitos da dieta hiperproteica restrita em carboidratos e do treinamento físico por 12 semanas atenuaram as alterações provocadas pela obesidade sobre parâmetros de composição corporal, morfologia e metabolismo tecidual, perfil inflamatório e oxidativo dos tecidos adiposos. Nossos achados reforçam a importância do treinamento físico regular por modular positivamente a irisina e conferir melhores benefícios morfofuncionais e sobre os perfis inflamatórios e oxidativos nos depósitos de tecido adiposo de animais obesos.
publishDate 2024
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2024-03-06T17:10:12Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2024-03-06T17:10:12Z
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2024-02-27
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv Mestrado Acadêmico
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/39164
url https://repositorio.ufba.br/handle/ri/39164
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
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