Caracterização cultural, morfológica e enzimática de actinobactérias de áreas cultivadas de Ubajara

• Autor(a) principal: Marques, Jéssyca da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/69255
• topic: Caatinga; Enzimas extracelulares; Microbiota; Saccharopolyspora

Actinobacteria are microorganisms widely distributed in nature, inhabiting mainly the soil in the rhizospheric region. These Gram-positive bacteria, which form a diverse group in terms of morphology, culture and micromorphological structures, are responsible for the production of various metabolites such as antibiotics, antifungals, chemotherapeutic agents and enzymes. Since these microorganisms are also found in the northeastern semi-arid region and are of great industrial and agronomic interest, the present study aimed to isolate strains of actinobacteria from a municipality in the semi-arid region of Ceará and culturally characterize them, evaluate the production of amylase, cellulase and xylanase enzymes and classify them based on micromorphology. Soil samples were collected in six agricultural areas in Ubajara (CE) and physical and chemical analyzes were performed. Twenty-eight strains of actinobacteria were isolated. The predominance of white color was observed, both in the aerial mycelium (46%) and in the reverse (36%), followed by gray and yellow colors in the aerial mycelium and yellow and gray in the reverse. 71.4% of the strains showed the reverse mycelium similar to the aerial mycelium. All strains showed amylase production, with 88.29% of them classified as strongly producing the enzyme. Cellulolytic activity was observed in 60.71% of the analyzed strains, with 14 strains classified as strong producers. The TUB 18 strain stood out with high values of amylolytic (6.03) and cellulolytic (12.32) enzymatic indices. In 82.14% of the strains, the halo indicating the degradation of xylan was observed, of which 78.57% were classified as strongly xylanase-producing strains, the TUB 7 and TUB 8 strains stood out with the highest enzymatic indices, 8 .89 and 8.56, respectively. The predominant genus among the isolated strains was Streptomyces (75%), four more genera were identified, namely Actinomadura, Thermosmonospora, Streptosporangium and Saccharopolyspora.