Vulnerabilidades das lavouras de sequeiro no Semiárido Brasileiro

• Autor(a) principal: Mesquita, Daiane Felix Santiago
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/17381
• topic: Vulnerabilidade; Lavouras de sequeiro; Agricultura familiar

Agricultural production in semi-arid Brazilian is greatly affected by climate instability, mainly rainfed crops that, in most cases, is grown by farmers in the region. Attached to the absence of modern technologies, climate instability makes the crops of beans, cassava and corn more vulnerable, and this is reflected in fluctuations in harvested area, production and yield per hectare of these crops. In this context, the main goal of this study is to analyze the Brazilian semiarid's vulnerability based on its rainfed agriculture, from 1996 to 2014. The data were collected from a secondary source and presented at a municipal grade. The main source of the research was the Municipal Agricultural Survey, published by IBGE. The vulnerability of rainfed agriculture had, as a proxy, the Vulnerability Index, which was calculated based on the variation coefficients of the variables involved in the research (value of production, harvested area, production per capita and yield per hectare of crops) and having as a method of weighting the breakdown in main components of factor analysis. In addition, the municipalities were grouped into clusters according to their respective vulnerabilities index. The results have shown a great variability in the behavior of agricultural indicators in the analyzed period. Regarding the vulnerability level of the crops, Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco and Bahia States were the ones with the highest percentage of municipalities with greater vulnerability gauge for bean, cassava and corn crops, respectively. The analysis of the overall vulnerability of crops showed that Rio Grande do Norte has the largest percentage of municipalities classified in that group. The study allowed the identification of the municipalities where rainfed agriculture are more and less vulnerable and which allowed the detection of heterogeneity in the region, generally neglected by agricultural development policies for the region. By showing this heterogeneity, the work draws attention to a different perspective on the region and to the development of specific policies that do not treat the SAB as a region where the demands are uniform.