Avaliação do descenso perineal utilizando o ultrassom anorretal tridimensional dinâmico comparado com a proctografia evacuatória dinâmica

• Autor(a) principal: Soares, Gabriel Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
• Texto Completo: http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/7323
• topic: Constipação intestinal; Defecografia; Endossonografia

The main purpose of the study was to describe a novel 3-D dynamic anorectal ultrasonography technique (3-DAUS, or echodefecography) for the assessment of perineal descent and establishment of normal range values compared to dynamic evacuation proctography (DEP). Secondarily, the study compared the ability of the two techniques to identify various pelvic floor dysfunctions, including anismus, rectocele and rectal intussusception. Twenty-nine women aged 47.7 years (range: 23–74) with symptoms of obstructed evacuation were evaluated. The mean Cleveland Clinic Constipation Score was 10 (range: 7–14). All patients were submitted to DEP and 3-DAUS. Based on a comparison with DEP, normal range values (cm) of perineal descent were established for the 3-DAUS technique; anismus, rectocele and intussusceptions were also evaluated. The technique for the assessment of perineal descent at 3-DAUS started with a 3-second scan with the transducer positioned at the proximal border of the puborectal muscle (PR). The patient was then asked to strain maximally. Without displacing the transducer, a series of images were acquired and recorded automatically until the PR returned into view. Twelve patients were diagnosed with excessive perineal descent on DEP. Of these, 10 presented perineal descent >2.5cm during maximal straining on 3-DAUS. Thus, a displacement of the puborectal muscle >2.5cm was considered diagnostic of excessive perineal descent on 3-DAUS. Seventeen patients had no excessive perineal descent with either scanning technique. The Kappa index showed an almost perfect agreement between the techniques for the diagnosis of perineal descent: 0.854 (CI95%: 0,494-1,0; p<0.001). Likewise, agreement between the techniques was substantial for animus (Kappa: 0.649; CI95%: 0,286-1,0; p<0.001), almost perfect for rectocele (Kappa: 0.868; CI95%: 0,508-1,0; p<0.001) and moderate for rectal intussusception (Kappa: 0.455; CI95%: 0,174-0,798; p<0.007). In conclusion, 3-DAUS was shown to be a reliable technique for the assessment of perineal descent and pelvic floor dysfunctions, with findings confirmed by DEP.