Utilização de águas de alta concentração de sais como alternativa para a irrigação de sorgo (Sorghum bicolor (l.) moench) na região de Mossoró-RN

• Autor(a) principal: Lino, Vitor Abel da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Digital da Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (RDU)
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufersa.edu.br/handle/prefix/862
• topic: Sorghum bicolor; Água de baixa qualidade; Irrigação localizada; sSalinidade da água de irrigação; Sorghum bicolor; low quality water; localized irrigation; Irrigation water; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

Salinity is a problem that affects arid and semi-arid regions. Due to the low rainfall and high evaporation of the water, the salts are concentrated in the soil and water, which is mostly brackish. Irrigation is necessary in these regions, but the volume required by the crops is high. A way to remedy this volume is a deficit irrigation, using a volume smaller than the one required by the plant, but without affecting the crop productively. Sorghum is a short-day C4 plant with high photosynthetic rates that tolerates deficit and excess moisture in the soil more than most other cereals, and can be grown in a wide range of soil conditions. The objective of this work was to verify the influence exerted by the leaf and salinity of the irrigation water in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in the productive, biometric and nutritional field. The experiment was carried out from March to July 2016, in Mossoró/RN. The treatments studied were composed of three factors, concentration of irrigation water salts of 0.8; 2,4; 3.43 and 4.81 dS m-1 (S1, S2, S3 and S4), irrigation slides of 80, 98 and 127% of ETc (L1, L2 and L3) applied via drip irrigation and sorghum cultivars BRS 506, IPA 2502 and Ponta Negra (C1, C2 and C3), arranged in a factorial scheme with subdivided plots, leaving the cultivars in the subplots (4x3) x3. It is concluded that the salinity of the irrigation water increases the concentration of salts in the soil, and the increase of the irrigation depth up to 125% of the ETc reduces it. The salinity of the irrigation water did not influence the biometric characteristics, reducing plant height (between 6.75 and 8.71%). The irrigation blade as well as the salinity did not influence the biometric aspects of the crop, demonstrating that the 25% reduction of the blade as defined will not cause any damage to the production. For the nutrient concentration in the different organs of the plant, the study showed that the requirement of macronutrients (NPK) is linked to the suitability of the cultivars studied