Excesso de peso em crianças de áreas urbana e rural do Espírito Santo : uma análise multinível

• Autor(a) principal: Eto, Fabiola Naomi
• Data de Publicação: 2013
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5676
• topic: Overweight; Child; Urban zones; Rural zones; Sobrepeso; Criança; Zonas urbanas; Zonas rurais; Saúde Coletiva; Obesidade nas crianças; Crianças do campo; Vida urbana; Vida rural; Obesidade; 614

The childhood overweight is a worldwide health problem and is a major challenge for Public Health because of its magnitude and comorbidities, besides of the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and obesity in adulthood. Researches shows that different familiar, social and environmental situations influence children nutritional status, besides, the modern society context contribute to obesogenic environmental developing and to the continued increase of overweight. The aim of the current study was to analyze the individual, familiar and contextual factors associated with overweight in seven to ten-year-old children from urban and rural municipalities of the State of Espírito Santo. The data was from the SAÚDES Study data base, conducted in two municipalities, Vitória and Santa Maria de Jetibá. Multilevel analysis was performed, adopting three levels of analysis: the first one was referred to the children, the second one to the residence/family and the third to the municipality. The sample consisted of 1748 children, 1236 from urban municipality and 512 from rural. The overweight prevalence (overweight and obesity) was higher in urban children (23.7%) than rural (12.7%). In urban children were found to be directly associated with overweight the maternal educational level (between nine and twelve years of schooling; OR=1.83, p=0.006) and be single child (OR=1.39, p=0.038). In rural children were directly associated with overweight the breakfast skipping (OR=2.30, p=0.046) and maternal educational level (between nine and twelve years of schooling; OR=2.40, p=0.032 and up to twelve years of schooling; OR=2.74, p=0.049). The overweight prevalence in this sample was high and follows the worldwide trend. Overweight was associated with individual and familiar factors, however, regarding the assignment of each level for the overweight prediction, was found that the multilevel model proposed showed no significant differences in the likelihood of children with similar characteristics (in level of residence/family), but residents in different regions, have or have not overweight.