O discurso nos limites da prática teórica e política: a falha como princípio epistemológico subjacente à teoria do discurso de Michel Pêcheux

• Autor(a) principal: Ribeiro, Kleber Teles
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (riUfes)
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/12654
• topic: Linguística; AD pêcheutiana; Falha; Marxismo científico; Prática política

The current research study undertook a cartography of the failure in texts by Michel Pêcheux prior to 1978, which made up the research corpus. The purpose was to analyze how failure can be understood in Pecheutian discourse theory in its relation to Marxist theoretical, political and materialist practices. We start from the hypothesis that the failure assumes a character of an underlying epistemological principle in Pêcheux's theory of discourse. In this way, we aim to analyze to what extent failure, as an epistemological principle underlying to Pêcheux's theoretical project, implied/affected his way of conceiving the Marxist scientism. We oppose to the crystallized interpretation in Brazil, that failure implied in the conception of division of AD into three phases. We made a description of the failure incidence in texts prior to 1978, listing elements that indicated the presence, in fact, of an underlying epistemological principle in Pêcheux's theoretical trajectory until 1978. We analyzed the implications of failure in DA concepts, specifically in the language, subjection, dominant ideology and in the subject. We based from the text "Só há causa daquilo que falha" (1978). Emblematic text, considering its production conditions and the effects of meanings that emerge from it in relation to the failure. Therefore, the problem that crossed our research and we seek to answer is: how failure, as an underlying epistemological principle of discourse theory, is present in Pêcheutian texts prior to 1978 (Só há causa daquilo que falha)? From the analysis of the 1978 text, we listed ten discursive sequences that served us as sign networks, traces and clues about the failure in Pêcheux's texts prior to 1978. The traces and clues that we found in the text “Só há causa daquilo que falha” served as guidelines for constitution of Matrizes (SANTOS, 2004) that make up our analysis device. In possession of the analyses, we verified that failure, in Pêcheux's theoretical project, was constituted as a failure of processes that involve both the theory as the practice (politics), relativizing, to some extent, Marxist scientism. Thus, the signifier fails does not appear for free in the 1978 text, but can be considered an epistemological principle underlying discourse theory.