A categoria de aspecto: forma e função

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Fabiane Aparecida Monteiro
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal Fluminense (RIUFF)
• Texto Completo: https://app.uff.br/riuff/handle/1/17944
• topic: Letras; Língua portuguesa; Verbo; Linguagem e língua; Funcionalismo (Lingüística); Interpretação aspectual; Fatores co-ocorrentes; Escrita e fala; Efeitos de sentido; Aspectual interpretation; Co-occurring factors; Speech and writing; Semantic effects; CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LETRAS

This study focuses on the linguistic expressions that codify the aspect in the light of a theoretical framework which conjugates functional, semantic -discoursive and pragmatic notions. Considering the verbal aspect as the focus of our study, we hypothesize that the aspectual values, viewed in terms of the internal structure of a given projected situation in the linguistic enunciaton, can contribute to the attribution of meaning regarding the development of a given event, and the pragmatic intentions of the speaker. The problem with which we confront is related to dimension conferred to the treatment of the aspect. Thus, believing that the consideration of the lexical nature of the verb is not sufficient for the study of the aspect, we attribute to this category a broader perspective, examining, within the structuration of the statement, the actuation of extraverbal elements which can influence the aspectual interpretation. In accordance with this hypothesis, we examine the contribution of other linguistic factors, as thematic nuclei and types of textual sequences, verbal transitivity, semantic classification of the verbs, and aspectualizers adverbs. Our database are constituted by oral interviews and literay chronicles, segmented through a correlation between thematic nuclei and expositive, narrativedescriptive and argumentative textual sequences. Our quantitative and qualitative results suggest that: the categories of time and aspect, though intrinsically related, are distinct in some basic points: the time estimates the aspect, but the aspect does not estimate the time; the aspect does not display a deictic nature; the description of the aspect represents a qualitative spatial actualization of the verbal process; the aspect supplies information concerning to the focalization of the temporal internal structure of the situation, being, therefore, a property of the sentence and not of the enunciation; the aspect expresses a subjective point of view of the speaker in relation to the development and to the degree of the realization of the action; the aspectual interpretation is associated with the modality: aspectual marked modality = realis; unmarked aspectual modality = irrealis; the discoursive plans are associated with different aspectual configurations and degrees of transitivity: foreground figure = perfective aspect = high transitivity; background figure = imperfective aspect = low transitivity. The different configurations of the aspectual values as well as the actuation of the co-occuring factors constitute, therefore, one of the linguistic resources that the speakers can use in order to produce local semantic effects, resulting from the choices of the linguistic expressions and from the dimensions of the verbal processes, depending on the intended argumentative orientation