Avaliação de erros de prescrição de medicamentos em unidades hospitalares da rede pública do Maranhão

• Autor(a) principal: Moraes, Omar Khayyam Duarte do Nascimento
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5918
• topic: Erros de medicação; Prescrição de medicamentos; Hospital farmacoepidemiologia; Medication errors; Drug prescription; Pharmacoepidemiology; SAUDE COLETIVA::EPIDEMIOLOGIA

Background: Medication errors are a worldwide health problem. Actions to prevent prescription errors and avoid damages are fundamental in the hospital environment, particularly in relation to high-alert medications (HAM). There are few studies on the magnitude of prescription errors, special considering HAM, in Brazil. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of prescription errors with an emphasis on potentially dangerous drugs and risk of drug interactions in all groups of drugs in a hospital environment. Setting: It is a prevalence study, conducted in 10 public hospitals at São Luís, a city located at the Northeast Brazil, in November 2012. Method: Prescriptions with at least one medication were evaluated for legibility and omissions (dose, concentration, route of administration, pharmaceutical form and diluents), according to parameters modified by DEAN B, 2000. MICROMEDEX 2.0 was used to evaluate drugs interaction. High-alert medication was classified according to the Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP). Results: Of a total, 1.020 prescription were evaluated, 91 (8.9%) were illegible. Excluding the illegible prescription, 929 had at least one omission error. Of a total, 1.431 HAM were prescribed. Among 618 prescriptions with ate least one HAM, 548 present at least one error, yielding a prevalence of 88.7% (IC 95% 86.2-91.2%). 1.089 prescriptions errors related to HAM were detected, resulting in 0.76 errors/prescription. Among 856 antibiotics prescribed, 92.7% had at least one omission error. Among all prescription, 43.3% present, at least, one drug-drug interaction. A total 785 medication interactions were detected: 12.2% mild; 47.9% moderate; 35.9% severe and 4.1% not indicated. Conclusion: The results of this study disclose that prescribing HAM, antibiotics and prescription errors associated with them are frequent in hospital settings. The results indicate the need of pharmacoepidemiological surveillance activities to contribute to the rational use and patient safety when subjected to pharmacotherapy.