Estudo da extração e purificação de ficocianina e aloficocianina da biomassa de Arthrospira platensis

• Autor(a) principal: Caetano, Renata Klícia Mendes
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/0013000009fqn
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8941
• topic: Spirulina; Ficobiliproteínas; Polietilenoglicol 4000; Polímeros catiônicos com baixo teor de cloro; Spirulina; Phycobiliproteins; Polyethylene glycol 4000; Low chlorine content cationic polymer; PROCESSOS INDUSTRIAIS DE ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::PROCESSOS BIOQUIMICOS

The growing interest in bioactive compounds from renewable natural sources has stimulated more and more studies aimed at increasing the supply of this market. An example is phycobiliproteins, dyes used in various areas, such as food, pharmacological and cosmetic. The microalgae arthrospira platensis (Spirulina platensis) is one of the organisms that stands out most in the production of these dyes, producing allophycocyanin and phycocyanin; these two dyes are the ones that today have more demand in the market. These proteins have their application determined from their degree of purity obtained with the absorbance ratio read at 620 nm of the extract used for the absorbance read at 280 nm. For use of these dyes, in the food area, a purity value greater than 0.7 should be obtained, and for use in the analytical area, the purity should be greater than 4.0. In view of the importance of these dyes and their degree of purity, in order to develop means of obtaining phycobiliproteins in a purity satisfactory for use in food industries, phase separation techniques were used in aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) to evaluate the action of pH, phosphate salt concentration and the concentration of low chlorine content cationic polymer and polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) on the efficiency of the extraction and purification process of Spirulina crude extract and also in the pre-purified extract of phycocyanin obtained by centrifugation. For this, a first experiment was carried out using a factorial design 2 4 to evaluate the variables that most influenced the extraction and purification of phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and purity of the extract. Values of 2.6 mg.mL -1 were reached for phycocyanin concentration, 1.4 mg.mL -1 for the allophycocyanin concentration and 1.6 for the purity of the extract. The significance of the PEG 4000 and PBC polymers was observed for extraction and purification of phycobiliproteins. Then, a second design was carried out, a Rotational Central Composite Design (RCCD) 2 2 , fixing the phosphate salt, pH and varying the PEG and low chlorine content cationic polymer concentrations. At the end of the extraction, it was possible to find concentrations of 2.7 mg.mL -1 for Phycocyanin, 1.3 mg.mL -1 of allophycocyanin and 2.5 for the purity of the extract, evidencing that the techniques used are effective for the extraction process and purification of phycobiliproteins, in which the levels achieved allow their use and application in food industry.