Vacinação contra hepatite B em mulheres profissionais do sexo: um desafio para os profissionais de saúde

• Autor(a) principal: Moraes, Luciene Carneiro
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3756
• topic: Hepatite B; Vacina; Prostituição; Saúde da mulher; Hepatitis B; Vaccine; Prostitution; Women´s health; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is geographically distributed in the world and considered and of the most important public health risk. Female sex workers (FSW) are at high risk for HBV infection, and vaccination is the most effective strategy to prevent it. In Brazil, this vaccine is offered to all individuals under 25 years old and groups at high risk for hepatitis B, such as sex workers. This investigation aimed to evaluate the status of immunization, analyze predictor factors, compliance with and response to hepatitis B vaccine using two schemes: standard - G1 (0, 1, 6 months) and accelerated - G2 (0, 1 and 4 months). A total of 319 women was investigated and offered the hepatitis B vaccine. We identified 187 (58.6%) FSWs susceptible for hepatitis B, 170 of them received the first vaccine dose, and 84 were randomized to receive the G1 scheme, and 86 the G2 one. The second dose was administered according the proposed schemes in only 17 and 28 women in G1 and G2, respectively. Fifty-two women were rescued and received the second dose of the vaccine, regardless of the dosing interval, this group was designated GR. The third dose was administered in 6, 11 and 51 women of G1, G2 and GR, respectively. In only 60 women, blood samples were collected for detection of anti-HBs. Seven of them (11.7%) did not develop protective titers of anti HBs, being one of G1 group, one of G2 group and five of GR group. The overall geometric mean titers of anti-HBs were 256.4 mIU / mL: 301.6 mIU/mL in G1, 78.2 mIU/mL in G2 and 339.2 mIU/mL in recovered group. The low frequency of FSWs immunized and the low adherence to hepatitis B vaccination highlight the need of public strategies to reach this population a risk for hepatitis B. On the other hand, the good immunogenicity of the Brazilian hepatitis B vaccine, regardless of dosing intervals, suggests that health professionals should not limit the stiffness of the vaccination scheme and lose the opportunity to immunize this population hard to reach.