Análise das atividades antimicrobiana e citotóxica de actinobactérias isoladas de diversos habitats

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Bruno Francesco Rodrigues de
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4835
• topic: Actinobactérias; Bioprospecção microbiana; Metabólitos bioativos; Antibióticos; Actinobacteria; Microbial bioprospecting; Bioactive metabolites; Antibiotics; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::PARASITOLOGIA

The actinobacteria constitute a wide and diverse phylum of gram-positive bacteria with a high content of guanine and cytosine in their DNA, standing out by the production of secondary metabolites with antibiotic activity. The treatment of multi-drug resistant pathogens infections and cancer represents a major challenge for modern medicine and bioactive microbial metabolites constitute a rich source of antimicrobial and antitumor drugs. The main aim of this study was to analyse the potential antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of actinobactéria isolated from various habitats. The evaluation of these bioactivities was accomplished by the application of a set of qualitative screening in vitro assays. From a total of 19 morphospecies, isolated from the goiano Cerrado soil, 16 were evaluated in the primary antimicrobial activity tests, of which 5 (31,25%) antagonized the growth of indicator microorganisms. The ECL of the morphospecie BC-A22 and the crude extracts of the strain ADU 1.3 stood out for their strong antibiotic action against MRSA. The most of the crude extracts exhibited lytic action on the staphylococcal cell wall. Only ECLs of morphospecies GUARA 1 and PEG 23 and extracts of the strain PEG 30 were cytotoxic against A. salina in low concentration. None of the extracts showed an intercalation effect on the DNA molecule. With exception of BC-A22, the other six isolates were morphologically characterized as members of the Streptomyces genus. The morphospecie ADU 1.3 was molecularly identified as Streptomyces sp., highly likely to consist of a new species. The results of this initial phase of microbial bioprospecting highlight that all the isolates are potential producers of antibiotics biomolecules, excelling the morphospecie BC-A22, which exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against the clinical isolates of MRSA and most of gram-negative bacteria.