Televisão e (des)razão

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, André Barcellos Carlos de
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7843
• topic: Educação; Sociologia; Comunicação; Televisão brasileira; Historia; Education; Sociology; Communication; Brazilian television; History; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::EDUCACAO

This PhD research, developed in the Program for postgradute studies in Education, in the line of research in Theoretical foundations for educational processes, based on the analysis of labour productivity under Capitalism by Karl Marx and on the theory of Culture Industry by Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer, had the purpose to reflect upon how the contradiction between centralized production, wich objectively conducts form and content, and how the reproduction of such production is handled by Brazilian television industry. In the process of investigating this contradiction, the understanding of the history behind implantation and development of the television industry in Brazil points to the conditions for succession, maintenance and expansion of the monopoly of TV broadcasters – from “TV Tupi” to “TV Globo” –, and to what is determined by the market and the State to guarantee a rational administration of the experience of free time and cultural production. In a way that is possible to draw a parallel between the history of television in Brazil and the consolidation of the nation’s structure, in the context of a late bourgeois revolution and an industrialization and modernization process. The investigation of said contradiction is carried from the concepts of reason, labour, alienation and fetishism, mediated by the categories of universals and particulars. The model of social division of labour under Capitalism was automatically transferred to cultural production. And such division in the field of cultural production is the historical condition for the perpetuation of the subjective reason today, over objective reason, that is, the predominance of reason in it’s formal condition, instrumentalized, pragmatic and utilitarian. It is in this form of rationality that the process of Brazilian television production operates and works to reproduce itself over the education of the masses. This rationality constituted past productions, continues today and is projected, as a tendency, to the future. The mechanisms of standardization of television content formalize the constitutive differences between subject and object equating them, operate in order to make such content easily recognizable and interchangeable. After all, the main objective is the achievement of “trade”, of a market. The subjects and objects are materialized oriented only by particularities that don´t refer to any universality and, in that sense, obliterate objectively and subjectively the possibilities of recognition of the universal aspect of their constitutive matters. In television, “the universal can replace the particular and vice-versa” (ADORNO; HORKHEIMER, 2006, p. 107). In these conditions, according to the authors, a rationality is produced, and it determines the production of television content and the education of the audience.