Análise temporal do perfil de doações e da taxa de inaptidão sorológica de um banco de sangue público no Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Pessoni, Lívia Lara
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/11144
• topic: Doação de sangue; Captação de doadores; Inaptidão sorológica; Blood donation; Donor recruitment; Serological inability; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA::ANALISE TOXICOLOGICA

Introduction: Rigor in the selection process of donors led to a decrease in the number of individuals who meet the criteria of clinical and serological suitability for blood donation. In contrast, advances in medicine and the life expectancy of the population have led to an increase in the consumption of blood components. These factors created a challenge for hemotherapy services to guarantee the fulfillment of transfusion demand, combining the availability of blood products in their quality. This scenario led to the search for strategies to attract donors, such as the introduction of incentives to increase the number of donations. Objectives: Conduct a temporal analysis of the profile of blood donations performed in a public blood bank. Materials and methods: Retrospective study of donations between 2010-2016. Part of the analysis was stratified into three periods: before, during and after changing the criteria of an incentive program. Multinomial and multivariate logistic regression was used to verify the association between the explanatory variables and the positive serologies. Trends was evaluated by Prais Winsten's Regression. The Kruskal Wallis test was used to evaluate the seasonality. Results: 149,983 donations (1.08% of the local population) were performed, with a reduction of 29% (p <0.05). 49% of the donations were of the voluntary modality, 30% of campaign, 18% of replacement and 3% of other types of donation. The campaign donations had a 5.67% increase during the first study period (p <0.05), a decrease of 0.85% in the 2nd period (p> 0.05) and 6.65% in the 3rd period (p> 0.05) resulting in a total decrease of 5.02% (p <0.05). The transfusional transmissible infections rate was 3.71%, with a stationary tendency and the chance of donors having a serological disability was lower (OR = 0.8628; CI: 0.8126 - 0.9161; p < 0.0001). Seroprevalences for HBV, syphilis, HCV, HIV, Chagas disease and HTLV were 1.63%, 0.87%, 0.46%, 0.21%, 0.21% and 0.09%, espectively. The prevalence of HBV decreased (b = -0.021, p <0.001), while syphilis increased (b = 0.112; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The amount of blood donation is decreasing, which may be related to the decrease in campaign donations.