Os modelos público e híbrido de prestação dos serviços de saneamento básico: uma análise comparativa de eficiência do saneamento nos Estados de Goiás e Tocantins

• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Camila Nicolai
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/12909
• topic: Análise de eficiência; Política pública de saneamento básico; Alteração do marco legal do saneamento; Efficiency analysis; Basic sanitation public policy; Change in sanitation legal framework; CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO::DIREITO PUBLICO::DIREITO ADMINISTRATIVO

Public policies have been attacking every day the importance of the public service of basic sanitation, being a structural sector that presents deficits in the attendance of the sanitation service, without significant improvements over the years. For a general understanding of the issue, a survey on the state of the art of the literature on basic sanitation was carried out, aiming at understanding the regulation of the sanitation service, identifying advantages and disadvantages of the public and hybrid models of basic sanitation provision, and discussing the consequences of the legislative changes resulting from the Law 14.026/20 - New Legal Framework for Sanitation. The general objective of this empirical study, based on the comparative efficiency analysis between the states of Goiás and Tocantins of basic sanitation policy, considering water and sewerage services, is to diagnose which of the forms of concession of the mentioned service presents the best results, whether public or hybrid, using specific SNIS indicators from the years 2012 to 2018. The main results obtained in this research are relevant findings, through a comparative diagnosis of the data analysed, without pointing to a definitive answer on the most successful model, such as the deconstruction of the idea that small population municipalities would not be profitable, since the smaller population municipalities in the state of Tocantins have shown that their collection is higher than the expenditure. Moreover, it is concluded that investments in sanitation have an impact on greater access to services and higher quality, and are indispensable for achieving the new targets set. In the case of Tocantins, all the evidence in the data analyzed leads to the conclusion that the adoption of the private sanitation model generated a positive impact on universalization. The state of Goiás, on the other hand, has shown itself to be ahead with a stable performance in several indices, having already achieved the desired universalization in water distribution and presenting better rates of sanitary exhaustion. Both models have positive and negative points, but in common with all public sanitation policy we have the need to fill the regulatory vacuum and of the immediate coverage of the places without this service.