O uso da episiotomia e sua associação com as alterações maternas e neonatais

• Autor(a) principal: LÔBO, Sara Fleury
• Data de Publicação: 2010
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/699
• topic: Episiotomia; parto normal; períneo; 1.Episiotomia 2.Parto normal 3.Períneo; Episiotomy; vaginal delivery; perineum; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Episiotomy is a surgical incision made on the vulvar area at the time of the expulsion of the fetus. It is one of the most common procedures in obstetrics, second only to the clamping and cutting of the umbilical cord. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of episiotomy and its association with maternal and neonatal changes. The study population consisted of pregnant women undergoing vaginal delivery in two public maternity hospitals in the city of Goiânia, state of Goiás, Brazil, between June 2007 and May 2008. Data was collected from medical records. A total of 1,129 medical records were reviewed. Episiotomy was performed in 57.55% (n = 636) of all vaginal deliveries and in 83.7% (n = 325) of primiparous deliveries. The rate of episiotomy was higher than the average 30% recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A statistically significant association was found between episiotomy and primiparity (p<0.001). There was no association between episiotomy performance and maternal (p<0.19) and/or neonatal changes (p<0.622). No association was seen between episiotomy technique (midline or mediolateral) and risk of laceration (p=0.663), although data suggest an association between episiotomy and increased risk of severe laceration (p<0.001). The rate of episiotomy was similar in both hospitals studied. The results of this study confirm indiscriminate performance of episiotomy and point to the need of strategies to reduce it.