Avaliação da atividade de acaricidas químicos sintéticos, extrato botânico sobre Rhipicephalus sanguineus e ação dos óleos essenciais sobre Amblyomma cajennens.

• Autor(a) principal: D`ALESSANDRO, Walmirton Bezerra
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/00130000048nq
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/1830
• topic: Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Amblyomma cajennense; acaricidas químicos sintéticos; Piper hispidinervum; Carapa guianensis; Magonia pubescens; 1. Rhipicephalus sanguineus 2 Amblyomma cajennense 3. Piper hispidinervum 4. Acaricidas botânicos 5. Carrapato - Controle; Rhiphicephalus sanguineus; Amblyomma cajennense; acaricides plants; Piper hispidinervum; Carapa guianensis; Magonia pubescens; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::PARASITOLOGIA

Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) (Acari, Ixodidae) known as tick-star , is a ixodid heteroxenous tree-host found too often in horses. Have little specific parasite, particularly in periods of larvae and nymph, is considered the most important in ixodid transmission of spotted fever to humans in Brazil. Rhipicephalus sanguineus, tick ectoparasite mainly from domestic dogs in urban areas, but also parasite other mammals, birds and reptiles, is responsible for the transmission of pathogens to their hosts. By developing in synanthropic environments, with their immature stages occasionally infecting man, this ixodídeo could cause increased incidence of erliquiosis, babesiosis and spotted fever in humans. The difficulties in controlling these ixodids, including the development of resistance to some acaricides chemicals synthetic main products used in their control, studies to encourage development of alternative measures, more efficient and less environmental impact. The objective of this work was monitoring the susceptibility and/or resistance of R. sanguineus to 14 insecticide products/acaricides, among the most acaricide sold in Goiás for control of ectoparasites of medical and veterinary importance, and verify the potential of substances extracted from plants, Carapa guianensis AUBLET (Meliaceae), Piper hispidinervum C.DC. (Piperaceae) and Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (Sapindaceae) in botanical exploration of acaricides for control of A. cajennense and R. saguineus. Engorged female of R. sanguineus were collected in environments naturally infested frequented by dogs in different districts and municipalities of Goiânia. Engorged female of A. cajennense were collected on horses from rural farms of different neighborhoods and surrounding municipalities of Goiânia. In the laboratory they were washed with distilled water, dried with paper towel and put in incubators B.O.D., to conduct the oviposition. Envelopes were used to filter paper impregnated with different concentrations of synthetic chemical acaricides, of essential oils from the leaves and branches side of P. hispidinervum, essential oil coming seeds of C. guianensis and stem bark of M. pubescens. In the control group used up only distilled water and solvent. Bioassays were made in quadruplicate. In the first study, Lethal Concentrations, CL50 and CL99, after 24 h and 48 h of exposure were calculated for the products that caused a framework for possible resistance or resistance to larvicidal R. sanguineus, according to WHO criteria. There was a framework of resistance to the basic products of Cypermethrin, Cypermethrin + Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO), Deltamethrin, Permethrin and Amitraz in 24 h presenting mortalities of 58.36%, 71.36%, 48.7%, 64.5% and 77.8%, respectively. In 48 h of exposure to Amitraz the mortality rate was 88%, presenting a framework for possible resistance accounting for 0.07% of the products tested. The lethal concentrations CL50 and CL99 were: Cypermethrin (0.06% and 7.04%), Cypermethrin + PBO (0.06% and 2.1%), Deltamethrin (0.06% and 1.57%); Permethrin (0.06% and 0.3%), Amitraz 24 h (0025% and 0.73%) and Amitraz 48 h (0.06% and 0.31%). The products Deltamethrin, Cypermethrin, Permethrin, Cypermethrin + PBO and Amitraz (24 and 48 h of exposure) were 35.2, 21, 7.85, 3, 3.65, 1.55 times, respectively, higher than the dosages recommended by manufacturers. In the second study noted that the essential oil of C. guianensis on the larvae of A. cajennense resulted in 24 h, mortality not exceeding 10% for 35% concentration in 48 h of exposure received at the CL50 of 7.38% and 45.45% of CL99, the essential oil of P. hispidinervum shown in 24 h of exposure CL50 of 0.42% and CL99 of 0.88%, in 48 h of exposure CL50 of 0.45% and CL99 of 1.06%. There was Knock down the effect on the larvae of A. cajennense the essential oil of P. hispidinervum, significantly influencing mortality average. In the third study there was the lethal action of ethanol crude extract of stem of bark M. pubescens on R. sanguineus, in the reading of 48 h LC50 and CL99 was 0.15% and 0.99%, respectively.The plants showed larvicidal effect on A. cajennense and R. sanguineus. The essential oils and extracts studied demonstrated greatest potential for the exploration of acaricides plants, with less environmental impact, to be used as a strategy for control of R. sanguineus and A. cajennense.