Análises da resistência genética à tospovirus e potyvirus em acessos de Solanum (secção lycopersicon)

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Renata Maria de
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• dARK ID: ark:/38995/00130000054gt
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/4448
• topic: Sw-5; Fontes de resistência; PVY; PepYMV; Resistência múltipla; Sw-5; Sources of resistance; PVY; PepYMV; Multiple resistance; AGRONOMIA::FITOSSANIDADE

Tomato is one of the most cultivated vegetables worldwide, and this is an important factor in their vulnerability to attack by pests and diseases, which contribute to the decrease in production and affects the quality of the fruit. Among diseases affecting tomato production, the ones caused by viruses are of the utmost importance, which are more difficult to control, highlighting those caused by species of the genus Tospovirus, which can cause losses of up to 100 %. The tospoviruses are responsible for the disease known as 'tomato spotted wilt' and are transmitted by thrips. In Brazil, four species of tospoviruses occur in tomato: Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV), Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV) and Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus (CSNV), with a greater incidence of GRSV. The first TSWV resistance gene identified was the Sw-5, which is effective against all species of tospoviruses infecting tomato and is widely used in breeding programs for this reason, because the resistance gene presents a dominant trait. Sources of resistance were found in other wild accessions of the species S. chilense, S. habrochaites, S. pimpinellifolium, S. corneliomuelleri and S. lycopersicum, showing promising results as sources of resistance for use in breeding programs. To identify a source of tospovirus resistance in wild accessions of the Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Hortaliças, and to perform the evolutionary analysis of the Sw-5 gene through the phylogeny of wild accessions, grouping them into evolutionary groups, this work was realized. The wild accessions of S. chilense and S. habrochaites species that showed compatible type of bands with resistance, can provide differentiated alleles of the resistance source based in S. peruvianum, since they grouped in other branches of the phylogenetic tree, with the potential to contribute with maintenance of resistance conferred by SW-5. The species of Potyvirus, Potato virus Y (PVY) and Pepper yellow mosaic virus (PepYMV), have been reported causing severe damage (qualitative and quantitative) to the production of tomatoes for their various purposes. Symptomatic plants have whitening ribs, mottling and leaf distortion when infected by PVY, and necrotic spots that may progress to death of the plant when infected by PepYMV. Because of the recessive characteristic of the typical resistance to potyvirus, the search for new species that confer genetic resistance to this genus occurring in tomato is important. The pot-1 gene, which confers resistance to potyviroses in tomato is governed by a restriction mechanism of cell-to-cell movement of the capsid protein, which prevents viral accumulation in tissues. Sources of resistance have been reported in wild Solanum species in S. peruavianum, S. chilense, S. pimpinellifolium and S. habrochaites, but it is necessary to evaluate the inheritance of this resistance, since the reported resistance is conferred by a monogenic recessive gene. This study aimed to identify in wild species accessions of the Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Hortaliças conferring multiple resistance to PVY and PepYMV, making them candidates for potential sources of resistance for use in breeding programs. Species wild the Germplasm Bank of Embrapa Hortaliças were evaluated for resistance to PVY and PepYMV and identified in accessions of the species S. peruavianum and S. habrochaites via serological analysis (DOT-BLOT) possible sources of resistance.