Estratégia genômica de vacinologia reversa para identificação de antígenos vacinais de Plasmodium vivax

• Autor(a) principal: Tavares, Taizy Leda
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6577
• topic: Preditores; Malária; Vacina; Plasmodium vivax; Predictors; Malaria; Vaccine; Plasmodium vivax; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS

Malaria is a parasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium. In 2014 was registered 214 million new cases in worldwide with approximately 480,000 deaths. Brazil is responsible for about half of malaria cases that occur in America, where the main etiological agent is P. vivax. The absence of effective vaccines against malaria parasites is a serious obstacle to controlling the disease. In this context, this study aimed to identify peptides that may be candidates for the development of a vaccine against P. vivax through a immunoinformatics strategy called the Reverse Vaccinology (RV). Primarily, we track the P. falciparum proteome in search of proteins that presented predicted epitopes and were orthologs between species P. vivax and the species of malaria rodents, P. yoelli. The similarity between proteins and epitopes of the three species was quantified for excluding those that exhibited low similarity. Among this proteins, we sought in the literature which had been extensively studied and / or whether they had been vaccine candidates in previous research. For proteins that had been little studied or not evaluated, the prediction of B and T lymphocytes epitopes. Were thus identified 357 proteins of P. falciparum with predicted epitopes, among which 270 have orthologs in P. vivax and P. yoelli. Of these, fifty proteins were found to be highly similar between the three species under study, and 12 had little or no previous study. These 12 proteins were examined to Immunology Epitope Database program (IEDB) in order to implement the prediction of epitopes. Through a combinatorial analysis of the different immunoinformatics prediction methods, 7 proteins were selected as vaccine candidates, based on their function and / or location, such as export protein (EXP1), proteins expressed on the surface of the membrane (SERA) or transmembrane domain (MAEBL), or participate in processes essential for the survival of the parasite (CLAG). These proteins may be evaluated in the future biological assay constituents such as antigens in a vaccine against P. vivax parasite.