Fatores envolvidos na adesão ao rastreamento do câncer de mama

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Tanielly Paula
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6947
• topic: Câncer de mama; Programas de rastreamento; Atenção primária à saúde; Profissional de saúde; Saúde da mulher; Breast neoplasm; Mass screening; Primary health care; Health personnel; Women’s health; CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

Among the types of cancer that affect women, breast cancer is the most common, accounting for nearly 25% of all cases. The increase in mortality from this cancer occurs mainly due to the lack of adherence to the screening tests, which generates late diagnosis and delay in appropriate therapy. This study aimed to identify factors involved in the adherence of women to breast cancer screening tests. It is an study with a cross-sectional design, carried out in five primary health care units/centers, in Goiânia, GO, Brazil. The sample consisted of 320 women, aged 40-69 years, who were not pregnant, who waited for care in these units. For data collection, a semi-structured interview script was used, followed by a pilot study. The Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test were used to verify the association between women's health behavior, use of service and knowledge about breast cancer, and adherence of women to breast cancer screening tests, with significance level of 5%. Have already heard of screening exams (p = 0.001), had an annual gynecological visit (p <0.001), received a professional recommendation (p <0.001, p <0.001 and p = 0.002) and had a gynecological visit to less than 3 years (P <0.001) was associated with the practice of all screening tests, considering the clinical breast examination (ECM), mammography (MMG) and ultrasound (USG). Women in the appropriate weight (p <0.029) and those who received a visit from a health professional and/or community health agent (p <0.009) performed more ECM. Women between 50 and 69 years of age and those with children had more MMG examination (p <0.001). Recognizing the recommended age (p = 0.01) and attending primary health care units for more than one year (p <0.024) favored the performance of USG. Women who had a health insurence performed more ECM (p <0.018) and MMG (p <0.065) and knew the exams (p = 0.020 and p = 0.021) and had a family history of cancer (p <0.007 and p <0.034) favored ECM and USG practice. Therefore, the causes that lead to non-compliance to recommendations on breast cancer screening exams are multifactorial, but the health professional deserves to be highlighted, since he is the main source of information for these women, being fundamental in the deconstruction of sociocultural, knowledge and organizational issues surrounding the screening of breast cancer.