BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2011 |
Outros Autores: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Ateliê Geográfico |
Texto Completo: | https://revistas.ufg.br/atelie/article/view/16705 |
Resumo: | Since the end of the 1980s, the development of genetic engineering and the extension of patents to life forms have suggested that new lucrative uses of natural substances might arise, and that new demands for these resources might appear especially in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries. The Convention on Biological Diversity, adopted during the Rio Conference in 1992, was an attempt to reconcile theconservation of biodiversity with the claims of indigenous communities who hold these resources through the institution of markets. Its purpose was to put an end to biopiracy and to secure the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. The promotion of these “biodiversity markets” has been supported by the free trade movement of the 1980s. These markets have aroused speculations. But beyond slogans, what about the commoditization of life forms today? Which forms does it take in the North and in the South? Is the legal and political framework settled by the Convention on Biological Diversity still relevant in the face of scientific progress and technical change? Does it prove adapted to the complexity of real life situations? Our research illustrates the way social sciences address global environmental issues. |
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BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social SciencesLA MARCHANDISATION DE LA BIODIVERSITÉ: questions de recherche pour les Sciences SocialesOs mercados da biodiversidade: questões de pesquisa para as Ciências Sociais - DOI 10.5216/ag.v4i1.16705Since the end of the 1980s, the development of genetic engineering and the extension of patents to life forms have suggested that new lucrative uses of natural substances might arise, and that new demands for these resources might appear especially in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries. The Convention on Biological Diversity, adopted during the Rio Conference in 1992, was an attempt to reconcile theconservation of biodiversity with the claims of indigenous communities who hold these resources through the institution of markets. Its purpose was to put an end to biopiracy and to secure the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. The promotion of these “biodiversity markets” has been supported by the free trade movement of the 1980s. These markets have aroused speculations. But beyond slogans, what about the commoditization of life forms today? Which forms does it take in the North and in the South? Is the legal and political framework settled by the Convention on Biological Diversity still relevant in the face of scientific progress and technical change? Does it prove adapted to the complexity of real life situations? Our research illustrates the way social sciences address global environmental issues.Depuis la fin des années 1980, l’essor des biotechnologies et l’extension des brevets sur le vivant ont laissé entrevoir des possibilités d’utilisation lucrative des substances naturelles, notamment dans les secteurs de la pharmacie, de la cosmétique, de l’agroalimentaire... Pour concilier la conservation de la biodiversité et les revendications des populations autochtones gardiennes de ces ressources, la Convention sur la diversité biologique, signée lors du Sommet de Rio en 1992, a préconisé l’institution de marchés. Il s’agissait aussi d’en finir avec la biopiraterie et d’assurer « le partage juste et équitable des avantages tirés de l’exploitation des ressources génétiques ». Ces « marchés de la biodiversit頻, soutenus par la vague du libéralisme économique, ont été l’objet de toutes les spéculations. Mais, au-delà du slogan, qu’en est-il aujourd’hui de la marchandisation du vivant ? Comment se décline-t-elle du Nord au Sud ? Le cadre juridique et politique de la Convention n’est-il pas déjà dépassé par l’évolution des connaissances et des techniques, et peu adapté à la complexité des situations observées ? Loin d’épuiser ces questions, nos travaux sont une illustration de la façon dont les sciences sociales abordent les enjeux d’environnement global.Desde o final dos anos 1980, o desenvolvimento das biotecnologias e das patentes sobre os recursos genéticos deixa ver as possibilidades de uso lucrativo das substâncias naturais, especialmente nos setores da farmácia, da cosmética e das sementes. Para conciliar a conservação da biodiversidade e as reivindicações dos povos autóctones, que cuidam daqueles recursos, a Convenção sobre a diversidade biológica, assinada na Conferência do Rio em 1992 propõe a criação de mercados. O objetivo era acabar com a biopirataria e de garantir a repartição justa e eqüitativa dos benefícios. Esses « mercados da biodiversidade », apoiados pela onda do liberalismo econômico, foram objetos de inúmeras especulações. Mas além do slogan, como destaque a transformação do vivo em mercadoria. Quais são as relações entre os países do norte e os países do sul? O quadro jurídico parece já ultrapassado pelo progresso do conhecimento e da tecnologia e não adaptado à complexidade das situações. Sem esgotar a temática, a nossa pesquisa ilustra como as ciências sociais podem tratar dos problemas globais sobre o meio ambiente.Universidade Federal de Goiás2011-12-27info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://revistas.ufg.br/atelie/article/view/1670510.5216/ag.v4i1.16705Ateliê Geográfico Journal; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 6-17Ateliê Geográfico; Vol. 4 Núm. 1 (2010); 6-17Ateliê Geográfico; v. 4 n. 1 (2010); 6-171982-195610.5216/ag.v4i1.%areponame:Ateliê Geográficoinstname:Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)instacron:UFGporhttps://revistas.ufg.br/atelie/article/view/16705/1015710.5216/ag.v4i1.16705Aubertin, CatherinePinton, FlorenceBoisvert, Valérieinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2017-02-07T04:01:43Zoai:ojs.revistas.ufg.br:article/16705Revistahttps://www.revistas.ufg.br/ateliePUBhttps://www.revistas.ufg.br/atelie/oairevista.ateliegeografico@gmail.com || deniscastilho@hotmail.com || laracristineufg@yahoo.com.br1982-19561982-1956opendoar:2024-05-21T19:55:14.942173Ateliê Geográfico - Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)true |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences LA MARCHANDISATION DE LA BIODIVERSITÉ: questions de recherche pour les Sciences Sociales Os mercados da biodiversidade: questões de pesquisa para as Ciências Sociais - DOI 10.5216/ag.v4i1.16705 |
title |
BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences |
spellingShingle |
BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences Aubertin, Catherine |
title_short |
BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences |
title_full |
BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences |
title_fullStr |
BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences |
title_full_unstemmed |
BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences |
title_sort |
BIODIVERSITY MARKETS: research questions for Social Sciences |
author |
Aubertin, Catherine |
author_facet |
Aubertin, Catherine Pinton, Florence Boisvert, Valérie |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Pinton, Florence Boisvert, Valérie |
author2_role |
author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Aubertin, Catherine Pinton, Florence Boisvert, Valérie |
description |
Since the end of the 1980s, the development of genetic engineering and the extension of patents to life forms have suggested that new lucrative uses of natural substances might arise, and that new demands for these resources might appear especially in the pharmaceutical, cosmetics and food industries. The Convention on Biological Diversity, adopted during the Rio Conference in 1992, was an attempt to reconcile theconservation of biodiversity with the claims of indigenous communities who hold these resources through the institution of markets. Its purpose was to put an end to biopiracy and to secure the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the use of genetic resources. The promotion of these “biodiversity markets” has been supported by the free trade movement of the 1980s. These markets have aroused speculations. But beyond slogans, what about the commoditization of life forms today? Which forms does it take in the North and in the South? Is the legal and political framework settled by the Convention on Biological Diversity still relevant in the face of scientific progress and technical change? Does it prove adapted to the complexity of real life situations? Our research illustrates the way social sciences address global environmental issues. |
publishDate |
2011 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2011-12-27 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.ufg.br/atelie/article/view/16705 10.5216/ag.v4i1.16705 |
url |
https://revistas.ufg.br/atelie/article/view/16705 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.5216/ag.v4i1.16705 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://revistas.ufg.br/atelie/article/view/16705/10157 10.5216/ag.v4i1.16705 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Goiás |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Goiás |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Ateliê Geográfico Journal; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2010); 6-17 Ateliê Geográfico; Vol. 4 Núm. 1 (2010); 6-17 Ateliê Geográfico; v. 4 n. 1 (2010); 6-17 1982-1956 10.5216/ag.v4i1.%a reponame:Ateliê Geográfico instname:Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) instacron:UFG |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) |
instacron_str |
UFG |
institution |
UFG |
reponame_str |
Ateliê Geográfico |
collection |
Ateliê Geográfico |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Ateliê Geográfico - Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
revista.ateliegeografico@gmail.com || deniscastilho@hotmail.com || laracristineufg@yahoo.com.br |
_version_ |
1799874835401146368 |