Investigação de sapovírus em amostras de swab nasofaringeano e fezes de crianças hospitalizadas de Goiânia, Goiás

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Thairiny Neres
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFG
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/7956
• topic: Sapovírus; Virus; Swab nasofaringeano; Gastroenterite Sapovirus; Crianças; Nasopharyngeal swab; Virus; Children; Gastroenteritis; BIOLOGIA E FISIOLOGIA DOS MICROORGANISMOS::VIROLOGIA

Sapoviruses are important agents causing acute gastroenteritis worldwide, and are most often detected in children under five years of age. The present study aimed to evaluate the positivity and viral load index of sapovirus in faecal samples and nasopharyngeal swab of children, in association with the symptoms presented by these children. The study included 102 children hospitalized at the Hospital Materno Infantil, presenting symptoms of gastroenteritis, attended between May 2014 and May 2015, with a sample of faeces and a nasopharyngeal swab sample from each of them. Samples of faeces and nasopharyngeal swabs from all children were submitted to extraction of the genetic material from a commercial kit and screened for sapovirus by RT-qPCR. The viral load was determined by constructing a standard curve from recombinant plasmid. A faecal sample and a nasopharyngeal swab sample were obtained and 47% of the children were positive for sapovirus in at least one of the samples collected, being 10.7% positive only in faecal samples and 28.4% positive only in the samples of nasopharyngeal swab. Regarding viral load, a median of 7.77 x 108 CG / mL was found for stool samples. Regarding the viral load of the nasopharyngeal swab samples, a median 1.54 x 108 CG / mL was observed and a statistically significant result was observed (13/14 p = 0.01), for the samples with viral load above the median obtained in the rainy season. The median viral load of samples from positive children in both clinical specimens was 2.33 x 108 CG / mL in the faeces and 2.67 x 108 CG / mL in the nasopharyngeal swab. Two of these children presented a considerably higher viral load when compared to the others. It is hoped that the data obtained may contribute to a better understanding of the molecular epidemiology of sapoviruses, as well as to the development of better preventive measures, in order to limit the risk of transmission of sapoviruses, especially in a hospital environment. This is the first study to carry out the research and detection of sapovirus in a respiratory tract sample, which could suggest a possible alternative route of viral transmission.