New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | HU Revista (Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/14123 |
Resumo: | Many of the vaccines in development are currently composed of individual antigenic proteins from parasites or a combination of several individual antigens that are produced as recombinant products obtained by molecular biology techniques. Among them, Leish-111f and its Leish-110f variation have gained prominence in protection against LV and LC and already have Phase II clinical trials in humans. The efficacy of a vaccine is optimized by the addition of immunological adjuvants. However, although adjuvants have been used for more than a century, until present date, only a few adjuvants are approved for use in humans, most intended to improve vaccine efficacy, the production of antigen-specific protective antibodies and an appropriate cell-immune response. The mechanisms of action of immunological adjuvants are diverse depending on their chemical and molecular nature being able to activate specific immune cells leading to improved innate and adaptive immune responses. Although the molecular mechanism of action of many adjuvants is still unknown, the discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has provided critical information on the immunostimulatory effect of numerous bacterial components involving interaction with TLR showing that these ligands improve both the quality as the amount of host adaptive immune responses when used in vaccine formulations. The potential of these TLR adjuvants in improving the design and results of many vaccines is in constantly evolution as new molecules agonists are discovered and tested in experimental models and clinical trials as well. In this review, a summary of recent progress in the development of second generation recombinant proteins and adjuvants of TLR is presented, being the main focus in TLR4 and its improvements. |
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New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasisNovos adjuvantes vacinais: importante ferramenta para imunoterapia da leishmaniose visceralRecombinant proteinsAdjuvantsVaccineLeishmaniasisProteínas recombinantesAdjuvantesVacinaLeishmanioseMany of the vaccines in development are currently composed of individual antigenic proteins from parasites or a combination of several individual antigens that are produced as recombinant products obtained by molecular biology techniques. Among them, Leish-111f and its Leish-110f variation have gained prominence in protection against LV and LC and already have Phase II clinical trials in humans. The efficacy of a vaccine is optimized by the addition of immunological adjuvants. However, although adjuvants have been used for more than a century, until present date, only a few adjuvants are approved for use in humans, most intended to improve vaccine efficacy, the production of antigen-specific protective antibodies and an appropriate cell-immune response. The mechanisms of action of immunological adjuvants are diverse depending on their chemical and molecular nature being able to activate specific immune cells leading to improved innate and adaptive immune responses. Although the molecular mechanism of action of many adjuvants is still unknown, the discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has provided critical information on the immunostimulatory effect of numerous bacterial components involving interaction with TLR showing that these ligands improve both the quality as the amount of host adaptive immune responses when used in vaccine formulations. The potential of these TLR adjuvants in improving the design and results of many vaccines is in constantly evolution as new molecules agonists are discovered and tested in experimental models and clinical trials as well. In this review, a summary of recent progress in the development of second generation recombinant proteins and adjuvants of TLR is presented, being the main focus in TLR4 and its improvements.Atualmente, muitas das vacinas em desenvolvimento são aquelas compostas de proteínas antigênicas individuais de parasitas ou uma combinação de vários antígenos individuais que são produzidos como produtos recombinantes obtidos por técnicas de biologia molecular. Dentre elas a Leish-111f e sua variação Leish-110f tem ganhado destaque na proteção contra a LV e LC e alcançaram estudos de fase II em seres humanos. A eficácia de uma vacina é otimizada pela adição de adjuvantes imunológicos. No entanto, embora os adjuvantes tenham sido usados por mais de um século, até o momento, apenas alguns adjuvantes são aprovados para o uso em humanos, a maioria destinada a melhorar a eficácia da vacina e a produção de anticorpos protetores específicos do antígeno. Os mecanismos de ação dos adjuvantes imunológicos são diversos, dependendo da sua natureza química e molecular sendo capazes de ativar células imunes especificas que conduzem a respostas imunes inatas e adaptativas melhoradas. Embora o mecanismo de ação molecular detalhado de muitos adjuvantes ainda seja desconhecido, a descoberta de receptores Toll-like (TLRs) forneceu informações críticas sobre o efeito imunoestimulador de numerosos componentes bacterianos que envolvem interação com receptores TLRs, mostrando que estes ligantes melhoram tanto a qualidade como a quantidade de respostas imunes adaptativas do hospedeiro quando utilizadas em formulações de vacinais direcionadas para doenças. O potencial desses adjuvantes de TLR em melhorar o design e os resultados de várias vacinas está em constante evolução, à medida que novos agonistas são descobertos e testados em modelos experimentais e estudos clínicos de vacinação. Nesta revisão, é apresentado um resumo do progresso recente no desenvolvimento de proteínas recombinantes de segunda geração e adjuvantes de TLR, sendo o foco principal nos TLR4 e suas melhorias.Editora UFJF2019-06-21info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionArtRevLitapplication/pdfhttps://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/1412310.34019/1982-8047.2018.v44.14123HU Revista; v. 44 n. 3 (2018): Doenças Infecciosas: epidemiologia, prevenção e controle; 401 - 4101982-80470103-3123reponame:HU Revista (Online)instname:Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF)instacron:UFJFporhttps://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/14123/18765Nascimento, Leopoldo Fabrício Marçal doMoura, Luana Dias deLima, Rebecca TavaresCruz, Maria do Socorro Pires einfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess2019-07-19T02:59:50Zoai:periodicos.ufjf.br:article/14123Revistahttps://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevistaPUBhttps://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/oairevista.hurevista@ufjf.edu.br1982-80470103-3123opendoar:2019-07-19T02:59:50HU Revista (Online) - Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis Novos adjuvantes vacinais: importante ferramenta para imunoterapia da leishmaniose visceral |
title |
New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis |
spellingShingle |
New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis Nascimento, Leopoldo Fabrício Marçal do Recombinant proteins Adjuvants Vaccine Leishmaniasis Proteínas recombinantes Adjuvantes Vacina Leishmaniose |
title_short |
New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis |
title_full |
New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis |
title_fullStr |
New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis |
title_full_unstemmed |
New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis |
title_sort |
New vaccine adjuvants: an important tool for immunotherapy of visceral leishmaniasis |
author |
Nascimento, Leopoldo Fabrício Marçal do |
author_facet |
Nascimento, Leopoldo Fabrício Marçal do Moura, Luana Dias de Lima, Rebecca Tavares Cruz, Maria do Socorro Pires e |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Moura, Luana Dias de Lima, Rebecca Tavares Cruz, Maria do Socorro Pires e |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Nascimento, Leopoldo Fabrício Marçal do Moura, Luana Dias de Lima, Rebecca Tavares Cruz, Maria do Socorro Pires e |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Recombinant proteins Adjuvants Vaccine Leishmaniasis Proteínas recombinantes Adjuvantes Vacina Leishmaniose |
topic |
Recombinant proteins Adjuvants Vaccine Leishmaniasis Proteínas recombinantes Adjuvantes Vacina Leishmaniose |
description |
Many of the vaccines in development are currently composed of individual antigenic proteins from parasites or a combination of several individual antigens that are produced as recombinant products obtained by molecular biology techniques. Among them, Leish-111f and its Leish-110f variation have gained prominence in protection against LV and LC and already have Phase II clinical trials in humans. The efficacy of a vaccine is optimized by the addition of immunological adjuvants. However, although adjuvants have been used for more than a century, until present date, only a few adjuvants are approved for use in humans, most intended to improve vaccine efficacy, the production of antigen-specific protective antibodies and an appropriate cell-immune response. The mechanisms of action of immunological adjuvants are diverse depending on their chemical and molecular nature being able to activate specific immune cells leading to improved innate and adaptive immune responses. Although the molecular mechanism of action of many adjuvants is still unknown, the discovery of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has provided critical information on the immunostimulatory effect of numerous bacterial components involving interaction with TLR showing that these ligands improve both the quality as the amount of host adaptive immune responses when used in vaccine formulations. The potential of these TLR adjuvants in improving the design and results of many vaccines is in constantly evolution as new molecules agonists are discovered and tested in experimental models and clinical trials as well. In this review, a summary of recent progress in the development of second generation recombinant proteins and adjuvants of TLR is presented, being the main focus in TLR4 and its improvements. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-06-21 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion ArtRevLit |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/14123 10.34019/1982-8047.2018.v44.14123 |
url |
https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/14123 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.34019/1982-8047.2018.v44.14123 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.ufjf.br/index.php/hurevista/article/view/14123/18765 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Editora UFJF |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Editora UFJF |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
HU Revista; v. 44 n. 3 (2018): Doenças Infecciosas: epidemiologia, prevenção e controle; 401 - 410 1982-8047 0103-3123 reponame:HU Revista (Online) instname:Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) instacron:UFJF |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) |
instacron_str |
UFJF |
institution |
UFJF |
reponame_str |
HU Revista (Online) |
collection |
HU Revista (Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
HU Revista (Online) - Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
revista.hurevista@ufjf.edu.br |
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