Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Paulo Renato Souza de
Data de Publicação: 2021
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFLA
Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/46251
Resumo: The use of by-products from extractive or silvicultural chains in the Amazon can strengthen the energy scenario and be associated with sustainable development. This research proposed alternatives for the final destination of açaí seeds via the adjustment of technical parameters of briquette production and optimization of pyrolysis conditions in the bio-oil yield. Briquettes were made using pressure of 15, 20 and 25 MPa and temperatures of 120, 140 and 160 °C. Subsequently, the slow pyrolysis of the briquettes took place in a fixed bed reactor at 400, 450 and 500 °C and heating rate of 5, 10 and 15 °C.min-1. The physical properties (apparent density, volumetric expansion rate and water absorption), mechanical properties (diametrical compressive strength - CS) and energy density were analyzed. For characterization of the stones in natura the proximate analysis and chemical composition was determined; and the higher, lower and useful heating value. The chemical composition of the seeds in natura showed potential for thermal resistance as biofuel, in energy generation by direct burning and conversion by thermochemical processes. The temperature had more influence on the evaluated characteristics than the pressure. The CS was higher for briquettes manufactured at 160 ºC and 15 MPa, because the lignin acts as a binder between the particles at this temperature, however, with the increase in pressure the resistance is not favored due to the limit of resistance to compaction. The absorption rate decreased with higher pressure. The temperature affected statistically only briquettes produced at 140 ºC, but the difference between the rates observed in the other temperatures was minimal. The volumetric expansion rate showed values better or close to those found in other densified biofuels in the literature. The pyrolysis kinetics of the açaí seeds was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Temperature up to 900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere was employed at different TA: 5, 10 and 15 °C.min-1. The activation energy (Ea) was calculated according to differential isoconversional and Friedman and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa integral methods. The averages obtained were 169.91 and 155.82 kJ.mol-1 respectively. Subsequently, slow pyrolysis of the at TA of 5, 10, and 15 °C.min-1, and T of 400, 450, and 500 °C was performed. The residence time was 60 min. The results indicated higher bio-oil yield (BY) with the increase of the heating rate associated with the temperature up to 450 °C. With the increase in temperature, an improvement in RB was observed, but with association with the heating rate of 5 ºC.min-1. Subsequently, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for BY optimization. The fit of the quadratic polynomial equation was satisfactory, due to the coefficients of determination and test for lack of fit. It was found that there is no single optimum point for the conditions studied. An inflection point was observed for BY optimization. It is concluded that maximization of bio-oil yield occurs at milder temperature associated with high heating rates or at high temperature and low rates.
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spelling Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixoSlow pyrolysis of açaí wastes briquettes in fixed bed reactorBiomassa amazônicaEuterpe oleracea MartPirólise lentaBio-óleoEnergia de biomassaBriquetesAmazon biomassSlow pyrolysisBio-oilBiomass energyTecnologia e Utilização de Produtos FlorestaisThe use of by-products from extractive or silvicultural chains in the Amazon can strengthen the energy scenario and be associated with sustainable development. This research proposed alternatives for the final destination of açaí seeds via the adjustment of technical parameters of briquette production and optimization of pyrolysis conditions in the bio-oil yield. Briquettes were made using pressure of 15, 20 and 25 MPa and temperatures of 120, 140 and 160 °C. Subsequently, the slow pyrolysis of the briquettes took place in a fixed bed reactor at 400, 450 and 500 °C and heating rate of 5, 10 and 15 °C.min-1. The physical properties (apparent density, volumetric expansion rate and water absorption), mechanical properties (diametrical compressive strength - CS) and energy density were analyzed. For characterization of the stones in natura the proximate analysis and chemical composition was determined; and the higher, lower and useful heating value. The chemical composition of the seeds in natura showed potential for thermal resistance as biofuel, in energy generation by direct burning and conversion by thermochemical processes. The temperature had more influence on the evaluated characteristics than the pressure. The CS was higher for briquettes manufactured at 160 ºC and 15 MPa, because the lignin acts as a binder between the particles at this temperature, however, with the increase in pressure the resistance is not favored due to the limit of resistance to compaction. The absorption rate decreased with higher pressure. The temperature affected statistically only briquettes produced at 140 ºC, but the difference between the rates observed in the other temperatures was minimal. The volumetric expansion rate showed values better or close to those found in other densified biofuels in the literature. The pyrolysis kinetics of the açaí seeds was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Temperature up to 900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere was employed at different TA: 5, 10 and 15 °C.min-1. The activation energy (Ea) was calculated according to differential isoconversional and Friedman and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa integral methods. The averages obtained were 169.91 and 155.82 kJ.mol-1 respectively. Subsequently, slow pyrolysis of the at TA of 5, 10, and 15 °C.min-1, and T of 400, 450, and 500 °C was performed. The residence time was 60 min. The results indicated higher bio-oil yield (BY) with the increase of the heating rate associated with the temperature up to 450 °C. With the increase in temperature, an improvement in RB was observed, but with association with the heating rate of 5 ºC.min-1. Subsequently, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for BY optimization. The fit of the quadratic polynomial equation was satisfactory, due to the coefficients of determination and test for lack of fit. It was found that there is no single optimum point for the conditions studied. An inflection point was observed for BY optimization. It is concluded that maximization of bio-oil yield occurs at milder temperature associated with high heating rates or at high temperature and low rates.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)A utilização de subprodutos de cadeias extrativistas ou silviculturais na Amazônia pode fortalecer o cenário energético e estar associada ao desenvolvimento sustentável. Esta pesquisa propôs alternativas para a destinação final dos caroços de açaí via o ajuste dos parâmetros técnicos de produção de briquetes e otimização das condições de pirólise no rendimento em bio-óleo. Foram confeccionados briquetes utilizando pressão de 15, 20 e 25 MPa e temperaturas de 120, 140 e 160 °C. Posteriormente, a pirólise lenta dos briquetes se deu em reator de leito fixo em 400, 450 e 500 °C e taxa de aquecimento de 5, 10 e 15 °C.min-1. Foram analisadas as propriedades físicas (densidade aparente, taxa de expansão e absorção de água), mecânicas (resistência à compressão diametral – RC) e a densidade energética. Para caracterização dos caroços in natura foram determinadas a composição química imediata e molecular; e o poder calorífico superior, inferior e útil. A composição química dos caroços in natura mostrou potencial de resistência térmica como biocombustível, na geração de energia por queima direta e na conversão por processos termoquímicos. A temperatura teve mais influência nas características avaliadas que à pressão. A RC foi maior para briquetes fabricados em 160 ºC e 15 MPa, pois a lignina atua como aglutinante entre as partículas nesta temperatura, no entanto, com o incremento de pressão a resistência não é favorecida devido ao limite de resistência à compactação. Para taxa de absorção se verificou decréscimo com a maior pressão. A temperatura afetou estatisticamente apenas briquetes produzidos em 140 ºC, porém a diferença entre as taxas observadas nas demais temperaturas foi ínfima. Para taxa de expansão se verificou valores melhores ou próximos àqueles encontrados em demais biocombustíveis adensados da literatura. Foi investigada a cinética da pirólise dos caroços de açaí, por meio de análise termogravimétrica (TGA). Empregou-se temperatura até 900 °C sob atmosfera de nitrogênio em diferentes TA: 5, 10 e 15 °C.min-1. A energia de ativação (Ea) foi calculada segundo métodos isoconversionais diferenciais e integrais de Friedman e Flynn-Wall-Ozawa. As médias obtidas foram de 169,91 e 155,82 kJ.mol-1 respectivamente. Posteriormente, foi feita a pirólise lenta dos nas TA de 5, 10 e 15 °C.min-1, e T de 400, 450 e 500 °C. O tempo de residência foi de 60 min. Os resultados indicaram maior rendimento em bio-óleo (RB) com o incremento da taxa de aquecimento associadas à temperatura até 450 ºC. Com o incremento de temperatura, observou-se melhora para RB, mas com associação à taxa de aquecimento de 5 ºC.min-1. Posteriormente, se utilizou a Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta (MSR) para otimização de RB. O ajuste da equação polinomial quadrática foi satisfatório, devido aos coeficientes de determinação e teste para falta de ajuste. Verificou-se que não há um único ponto de ótimo para as condições estudadas. Observou-se ponto de inflexão para otimização de RB. Conclui-se que a maximização do rendimento em bio-óleo ocorre em temperatura mais branda associada às taxas de aquecimento elevadas ou em temperaturas elevadas e taxas baixas.Universidade Federal de LavrasPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia da MadeiraUFLAbrasilDepartamento de Ciências FlorestaisOliveira, Tiago José Pires deTrugilho, Paulo FernandoOliveira, Tiago José Pires deTrugilho, Paulo FernandoBorel, Lidja Dahiane SantosCardoso, Cássia ReginaOliveira, Paulo Renato Souza de2021-05-10T17:54:41Z2021-05-10T17:54:41Z2021-05-102021-03-26info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisapplication/pdfOLIVEIRA, P. R. S. de. Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo. 2021. 92 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira) – Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2021.http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/46251porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFLAinstname:Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)instacron:UFLA2023-05-10T18:29:14Zoai:localhost:1/46251Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://repositorio.ufla.br/oai/requestnivaldo@ufla.br || repositorio.biblioteca@ufla.bropendoar:2023-05-10T18:29:14Repositório Institucional da UFLA - Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo
Slow pyrolysis of açaí wastes briquettes in fixed bed reactor
title Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo
spellingShingle Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo
Oliveira, Paulo Renato Souza de
Biomassa amazônica
Euterpe oleracea Mart
Pirólise lenta
Bio-óleo
Energia de biomassa
Briquetes
Amazon biomass
Slow pyrolysis
Bio-oil
Biomass energy
Tecnologia e Utilização de Produtos Florestais
title_short Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo
title_full Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo
title_fullStr Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo
title_full_unstemmed Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo
title_sort Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo
author Oliveira, Paulo Renato Souza de
author_facet Oliveira, Paulo Renato Souza de
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Oliveira, Tiago José Pires de
Trugilho, Paulo Fernando
Oliveira, Tiago José Pires de
Trugilho, Paulo Fernando
Borel, Lidja Dahiane Santos
Cardoso, Cássia Regina
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Oliveira, Paulo Renato Souza de
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Biomassa amazônica
Euterpe oleracea Mart
Pirólise lenta
Bio-óleo
Energia de biomassa
Briquetes
Amazon biomass
Slow pyrolysis
Bio-oil
Biomass energy
Tecnologia e Utilização de Produtos Florestais
topic Biomassa amazônica
Euterpe oleracea Mart
Pirólise lenta
Bio-óleo
Energia de biomassa
Briquetes
Amazon biomass
Slow pyrolysis
Bio-oil
Biomass energy
Tecnologia e Utilização de Produtos Florestais
description The use of by-products from extractive or silvicultural chains in the Amazon can strengthen the energy scenario and be associated with sustainable development. This research proposed alternatives for the final destination of açaí seeds via the adjustment of technical parameters of briquette production and optimization of pyrolysis conditions in the bio-oil yield. Briquettes were made using pressure of 15, 20 and 25 MPa and temperatures of 120, 140 and 160 °C. Subsequently, the slow pyrolysis of the briquettes took place in a fixed bed reactor at 400, 450 and 500 °C and heating rate of 5, 10 and 15 °C.min-1. The physical properties (apparent density, volumetric expansion rate and water absorption), mechanical properties (diametrical compressive strength - CS) and energy density were analyzed. For characterization of the stones in natura the proximate analysis and chemical composition was determined; and the higher, lower and useful heating value. The chemical composition of the seeds in natura showed potential for thermal resistance as biofuel, in energy generation by direct burning and conversion by thermochemical processes. The temperature had more influence on the evaluated characteristics than the pressure. The CS was higher for briquettes manufactured at 160 ºC and 15 MPa, because the lignin acts as a binder between the particles at this temperature, however, with the increase in pressure the resistance is not favored due to the limit of resistance to compaction. The absorption rate decreased with higher pressure. The temperature affected statistically only briquettes produced at 140 ºC, but the difference between the rates observed in the other temperatures was minimal. The volumetric expansion rate showed values better or close to those found in other densified biofuels in the literature. The pyrolysis kinetics of the açaí seeds was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Temperature up to 900 °C under nitrogen atmosphere was employed at different TA: 5, 10 and 15 °C.min-1. The activation energy (Ea) was calculated according to differential isoconversional and Friedman and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa integral methods. The averages obtained were 169.91 and 155.82 kJ.mol-1 respectively. Subsequently, slow pyrolysis of the at TA of 5, 10, and 15 °C.min-1, and T of 400, 450, and 500 °C was performed. The residence time was 60 min. The results indicated higher bio-oil yield (BY) with the increase of the heating rate associated with the temperature up to 450 °C. With the increase in temperature, an improvement in RB was observed, but with association with the heating rate of 5 ºC.min-1. Subsequently, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used for BY optimization. The fit of the quadratic polynomial equation was satisfactory, due to the coefficients of determination and test for lack of fit. It was found that there is no single optimum point for the conditions studied. An inflection point was observed for BY optimization. It is concluded that maximization of bio-oil yield occurs at milder temperature associated with high heating rates or at high temperature and low rates.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-05-10T17:54:41Z
2021-05-10T17:54:41Z
2021-05-10
2021-03-26
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv OLIVEIRA, P. R. S. de. Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo. 2021. 92 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira) – Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2021.
http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/46251
identifier_str_mv OLIVEIRA, P. R. S. de. Pirólise lenta de briquetes de resíduo de açaí em reator de leito fixo. 2021. 92 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira) – Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2021.
url http://repositorio.ufla.br/jspui/handle/1/46251
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language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Lavras
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira
UFLA
brasil
Departamento de Ciências Florestais
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Lavras
Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia da Madeira
UFLA
brasil
Departamento de Ciências Florestais
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFLA
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institution UFLA
reponame_str Repositório Institucional da UFLA
collection Repositório Institucional da UFLA
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositório Institucional da UFLA - Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA)
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