Risk and protection factors for chronic non-communicable diseases among Brazilian students : 2015 and 2019 National School Health Survey

• Autor(a) principal: Ferreira, Alan Cristian Marinho
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: Silva, Alanna Gomes da, Sá, Ana Carolina Micheletti Gomide Nogueira de, Oliveira, Patrícia Pereira Vasconcelos de, Felisbino-Mendes, Mariana Santos, Pereira, Cimar Azeredo, Malta, Deborah Carvalho
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por; eng
• Título da fonte: Reme (Online)
• Texto Completo: https://periodicos.ufmg.br/index.php/reme/article/view/38620
• topic: Adolescentes; Doença Crônica; Fatores de Risco; Fatores de Proteção; Adolescente; Enfermedad Crónica; Factores de Riesgo; Factores Protectores; Adolescent; Chronic Disease; Risk Factors; Protective Factors

Objective: to describe the prevalence values of risk and protection factors for chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs) among Brazilian students in 2019 and to compare them with those from 2015. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with data from the 2015 and 2019 National School Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar, PeNSE). For 2019, the prevalence values and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of the indicators regarding diet, physical activity and sedentary behavior, and use of licit and illicit drugs were estimated, considering gender, the school's administrative system and the Federation Unit. The total population was considered to compare these indicators with those from 2015. Results: when comparing 2015 to 2019, a reduction was observed in fruit consumption (2015: 30.9% - 95% CI: 29.6-32.3; 2019: 26.9% - 95% CI: 26.3-27.6), soft drinks (2015: 27.2% - 95% CI: 25.6-28.9; 2019: 17.2% - 95% CI: 16.6-17.8), sweet treats (2015: 40.6% - 95% CI: 39.0-42.1; 2019: 32.8% - 95% CI: 32.1-33.4) and physical activity (2015: 31.6% - 95% CI: 30.1-33.2; 2019: 28.1% - 95% CI: 27.4-28.8); on the other hand, an increase in alcohol consumption was noticed (2015: 27.2% - 95% CI: 25.4-28.9; 2019: 47.0% - 95% CI: 46.0-47.9). Conclusion: when comparing the 2015 and 2019 editions of the Survey, changes were perceived in the prevalence values of risk and protection factors for CNCDs. These results reinforce the importance of the strategies and actions to promote adolescents' health, especially for being a group undergoing a phase marked by major psychobiological and social transformations.