Neurally mediated syncope in children and adolescents: an updated narrative review

• Autor(a) principal: Rose Mary Ferreira Lisboa da Silva
• Data de Publicação: 2022
• Outros Autores: Pamela de Souza Haueisen Barbosa, Henrique de Assis Fonseca Tonelli, Zilda Maria Alves Meira, Cleonice Carvalho Coelho Mota
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMG
• Texto Completo: http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/18741924-v16-e2205110; http://hdl.handle.net/1843/61804; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2481-2647
• topic: Neurally mediated syncope; Paediatric syncope; Vasovagal; Calgary score; Head-up tilt test; Adolescents; Adolescentes; Síncope; Pediatria

Syncope presents a proportion of up to 25% among children and adolescents and accounts for 0.9% of emergency room visits. Its most frequent aetiology is neurally mediated syncope, which includes vasovagal syncope and orthostatic hypotension. Up to 70% of the paediatric population with reflex syncope is female. There are usually precipitating factors and prodromes. This mini-review will discuss the particularities of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, modified Calgary score, indications and accuracy of the head-up tilt test, classification, and pathophysiology in four sequential phases. Prognostic data and the non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches will also be reviewed and differences regarding reflex syncope in adults will be discussed.